Chapter 10 (Muscular Tissue XV)

Question 1

Regeneration of Muscular Tissue

Answer 1

Skeletal muscle has limited regenerative abilities
Cardiac muscle can undergo hypertrophy in response to increased workload
Smooth muscle in the uterus retains its capacity for division; hyperplasia, increased number of fibers

Question 2

Growth of skeletal muscle after birth is due mainly to …

Answer 2

Hypertrophy

Question 3

Satellite cells

Answer 3

Divide slowly and fuse with existing fibers
1- Assist in muscle growth
2- Repair of damaged fibers

Question 4

Development of Muscle

Answer 4

Skeletal Muscles are derived from mesoderm
As the mesoderm develops it becomes arranged on either side of the developing spinal cord
Columns of mesoderm undergo segmentation into structures called somites
Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle develop from migrating mesoderm cells

Question 5

The cells of a somite differentiate into three regions:

Answer 5

1) Myotome
2) Dermatome
3) Sclerotome

Question 6

Myotome

Answer 6

Forms the skeletal muscles of the head, neck, and limbs

Question 7

Dermatome

Answer 7

Forms the connective tissues, including the dermis of the skin

Question 8

Sclerotome

Answer 8

Gives rise to the vertebrae

Question 9

Aging

Answer 9

Brings a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass
A decrease in maximal strength
A slowing of muscle reflexes
A loss of flexibility

Question 10

Aging and Muscular Tissue

Answer 10

With aging, the relative number of slow oxidative fibers appears to increase
Aerobic activities and strength training can slow the decline in muscular performance