Chapter 10 - Greece Flashcards
In order, list the timeline of Ancient Greece.
Aegean Bronze Age Greek Dark Ages Archaic Period Classical Period Hellenistic Period Late Hellenistic/Greco-Roman
What time period was the Aegean Bronze Age?
The Aegean Bronze Age lasted from 3000 B.C.E to 2000 B.C.E.
What time period was the Greek Dark Ages?
The Greek Dark Ages lasted from 1100 B.C.E to 700 B.C.E.
What time period was the Classical Period?
The Classical Period lasted from 480 B.C.E to 323 B.C.E.
What time period was the Hellenistic Period?
The Hellenistic Period lasted from 323 B.C.E to 146 B.C.E.
What are Frescoes?
Frescoes are watercolor paintings done on wet plaster.
What caused Greece to plunge into the Dark Ages?
The beginning of the Greek Dark Ages is largely attributed to the fall of the Mycenaean World.
Attackers who wore blue and came from the north attacked Egypt. What did the Egyptians refer to them as? What are some theories on who they are?
Egyptians referred to these attackers as “sea people” and it is theorized that they are either Mycenaeans or a coalition of various coast civilizations.
How much of the population was lost during the Greek Dark Ages?
1/10th of the population was lost during the Greek Dark Ages.
What were also some downsides of the Greek Dark Ages?
The Greek Dark Ages also resulted in a loss of materials skills, loss of some more elevated arts, including writing, and a loss of contact with the outside world. Also, there was the destruction and abandonment of many Bronze Age civilization sites.
Who was Homer?
Ancient Greeks believed Homer to be the author of two Epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey.
What is the true value of these two epics?
Their true value is in their cultural influence.
What style are these two Epics written in?
The two Epics are written in Dactylic hexameter, which is a long breath followed by two short bursts of breath.
What is a polis?
A polis (Plural: poleis) is another word for city-state.
What were women’s roles in poleis?
Women had no political rights and were excluded from public life.
What legendary king united Athens and created a monarchy?
Theseus united Athens and created a monarchy.
Who overturned the long succession of kings?
The archons, aristocrats, overturned the long succession of kings.
Who is Draco?
Draco, at the time, was the Archon (highest official) who quelled the unrest with the lower classes by establishing a harsh law code. The word Draconian now refers to harsh because of his strict laws.
Who is Solon and what reforms did he introduce?
Solon was, at the time, the Archon who introduced several reforms such as the abolishment of serfdom, a system where peasants owed service and loyalty to their landowners. He also established a council of 400 representatives. This paved the way for Athenian democracy.
Who seized power and established himself as a tyrant?
Pisistratus seized power and established himself as a tyrant.
Who established the ten tribes that were not chosen based on social division and whose council also consisted of people form other parts of Attica?
Cleisthenes established the ten tribes during a time of struggle for power between people who wanted democracy and people who wanted rule by elites.
Where was the city-state of Sparta located?
Sparta was located in the fertile plains of the Peloponnesus.
What was the political system like in Sparta?
The Spartan political system consisted of 2 kings, never tyrants, who were commanders of the military as well as religious leaders.
Who kept social order as a lawgiver in Sparta?
Lycurgus kept social order as a lawgiver in Sparta.
