Chapter 10 Flashcards
caus/o
burning, burn
cerebr/o
cerebrum, brain
concuss/o
shaken together, violently agitated
contus/o
bruise
encephal/o
brain
-esthesia
sensation, feeling
esthet/o
feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception
-mania
madness
mening/o
membranes, meninges
neur/i, neur/o
nerve, nerve tissue
-phasia
speak or speech
phobia
abnormal fear
psych/o
mind
radicul/o
root or nerve root
-tropic
having an affinity for
an excessive fear of heights (top/abnormal fear)
acrophobia
a group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
Alzheimer’s disease
A.K.A. Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
the medication used to induce anesthesia.
anesthetic
a medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician, for example, a nurse anesthetist
anesthetist
characterized by a false perception of body appearance. leads to intense fear of gaining weight and voluntary starvation.
anorexia nervosa
mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation.
anxiety disorders
describes a condition with different levels of symptom severity in which a young child has difficulty developing normal social relationships and communication skills, may compulsively follow repetitive routines, and has narrowly focused, intense interests that are sometimes unusual.
autism spectrum disorder
the temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis of the face, only on the affected side.
Bell’s palsy
an ultrasound study of the carotid artery (beyond/sound/process of producing a picture or record)
carotid ultrasonography
persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve (burning/pain)
causalgia
the bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull
cerebral contusion
a group of disorders characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum.
cerebral palsy
brain damage that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted because of a blood vessel is either blocked or has ruptured.
cerebrovascular accident
nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region(nerve root/disease)
cervical radiculopathy
an abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces (barrier/abnormal fear)
claustrophobia
describes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.
cognition
a profound (deep) state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
coma
a violent shaking up or jarring of the brain (shaken together/condition or state of)
concussion
a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain (blood/tumor)
cranial hematoma
an acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
delirium
a disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol
delirium tremens
a false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary.
delusion
a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgement, that is often accompanied by personality changes.
dementia
the thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges
dura mater
a learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols correctly
dyslexia
the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp
electrocephalography
an inflammation of the brain, can be caused by a viral infection such as rabies
encephalitis
regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
epidural anesthesia
a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity.
epilepsy
a condition in which an individual acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick
factitious disorder
a sensory perception experienced in the absence of external stimulation
hallucination
occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks a.k.a. bleed
hemorrhagic stroke
a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
hydrocephalus
a condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli (excessive/sensation or feeling)
hyperesthesia
the most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of an artery
ischemic stroke
a lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
lethargy
an inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
meningitis
the congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column
meningocele
may be preceded by a warning aura, is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head
migraine headache
a progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath
multiple sclerosis
an inflammation of the spinal cord
myelitis
a fluoroscopic and CT study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
myelography
a sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
narcolepsy
chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor
neurotransmitters
characterized by recurrent obsession and/or compulsions.
obsessive-compulsive disorder
an unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heat palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, choking sensations, or a combination of these.
panic attack
a general term for several categories of sleep disorders that occur while falling asleep, during sleep, or while waking from sleep (around/sleep/abnormal condition)
parasomnia
refers to a burning or prickling sensation with no apparent physical cause that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet but can also occur in other parts of the body
paresthesia
a chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait.
Parkinson’s disease
a disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord
peripheral neuropathy
may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror
post-traumatic stress disorder
a serious and potential deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
Reye’s syndrome
a psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances
schizophrenia
inflammation of the sciatic nerve
sciatica
a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person fells or acts for a short time
seizure
describes the results of a child being violently shaken by someone
shaken baby syndrome
a.k.a. fainting, is the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain
syncope
a repetitive, involuntary muscle movement usually involving the hands, arms, head, or face.
tremor
a chronic pain condition characterized by severe, lightening-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
trigeminal neuralgia
