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D069 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Agosia

A

inability to interpret sensations and hence to recognize things, typically as a result of brain damage

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2
Q

Agraphia

A

an impairment or loss of a previous ability to write

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3
Q

Alexia

A

an acquired disorder resulting in the inability to read or comprehend written language

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4
Q

Anticholingergic

A

(chiefly of a drug) inhibiting the physiological action of acetylcholine, especially as a neurotransmitter

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5
Q

Aphasia

A

a language disorder caused by damage in a specific area of the brain that controls language expression and comprehension

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6
Q

Bradykinesia

A

means slowness of movement, and it is one of the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson’s

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7
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

is made by tissue that lines the ventricles (hollow spaces) in the brain

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8
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

a rare abnormal breathing pattern that can occur while awake but usually occurs during sleep

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9
Q

Contracture

A

A permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby tissues that causes the joints to shorten and become very stiff

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10
Q

Craniotomy

A

surgical opening into the skull

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11
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique

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12
Q

Diplopia

A

double vision or seeing double

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13
Q

Dysphasia

A

language disorder marked by deficiency in the generation of speech

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14
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane

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15
Q

Foramen mangum

A

is a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull

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16
Q

Hemiparesis

A

s weakness or inability to move on one side of the body

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17
Q

Meninges

A

three layers of membranes that cover and protect your brain and spinal cord

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18
Q

Mitochondria

A

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur

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19
Q

Neuropeptide

A

auxiliary messenger molecules that always co-exist in nerve cells with one or more small molecule (classic) neurotransmitters

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20
Q

Nuchal rigidity

A

simply refers to neck stiffness

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21
Q

Photophobia

A

eye discomfort in bright light

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22
Q

Ribosome

A

a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells

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23
Q

Serotonin

A

is a chemical nerve cells produce

24
Q

Somatic

A

relating to the body, especially as distinct from the mind

25
Q

Tinnitus

A

when you experience ringing or other noises in one or both of your ears

26
Q

Visceral

A

felt in or as if in the internal organs of the body

27
Q

Recall anatomy and physiology of the nervous system

A

x

28
Q

Identify the main divisions of the nervous system

A

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

29
Q

Describe the basic unit of the nervous system and how it functions

A

Neurons are specialized cells that initiate or conduct electrochemical impulses and react to physical and chemical changes in their surroundings

30
Q

List the concerns in using over-the-counter medications for headache

A

Liver damage and stomach issues

31
Q

Recall the etiology for migraine headaches

A

They are occasioned by changes in the cerebral blood flow, presumably due to vasoconstriction and subsequent vasodilation of cerebrocranial arterioles

32
Q

Compare the prognoses for migraine and tension headaches

A

tension - good

migraines - varies

33
Q

Describe traumatic brain injury

A

They occur when the brain collides with the inside of the skull, sometimes bruising the brain, tearing nerve fibers, and causing bleeding

34
Q

Contrast concussion with contusion

A

concussion - disruption of normal electrical activity in the brain

contusion - brain is bruised

35
Q

Recall possible treatment for acute subdural hematomas

A

an incision into the cranium to aspirate the accumulated blood and control further bleeding

36
Q

Discuss the signs and symptoms of abusive head trauma

A

Other symptoms may include difficulty feeding, vomiting, listlessness, lethargy, apnea, seizures or convulsions, irritability, and dilated pupils that do not respond to light

37
Q

Recall four courses of treatment for spinal cord injuries

A

(1) restoration of spinal alignment
(2) stabilization of the injured spinal area
(3) decompression of neurological structures
(4) early rehabilitation to minimize long-term paralysis

38
Q

Distinguish the signs and symptoms of paraplegia and quadriplegia

A

paraplegia - legs

quadriplegia - legs/arms

39
Q

Restate the cause of hemiplegia

A

stroke

40
Q

Identify the classifications of meningitis

A

viral

bacterial

41
Q

Describe acute bacterial meningitis

A

rapidly progressive bacterial infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space

42
Q

Describe complementary therapies for peripheral neuropathy

A

biofeedback
acupuncture
tai chi

43
Q

Explain the characteristic symptoms of Bell palsy

A

paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face

44
Q

Discuss cerebrovascular accident

A

is a clinical syndrome marked by the sudden impairment of consciousness and subsequent paralysis

45
Q

Restate the relationship between cerebrovascular accident and transient ischemic attack

A

ischemic attack often proceed cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

46
Q

Recall the less invasive treatment for cerebral aneurysm

A

endovascular coiling. This procedure is performed through the blood vessel, where a catheter in the femoral artery is navigated toward the aneurysm

47
Q

Identify at least three diagnostic procedures for epilepsy

A

physical examination
CT scans
MRI

48
Q

Recall the etiology and the 10 warning signs for Alzheimer disease

A 
depression
mild mental impairment
forgetfulness
agitation
retelling of stories
cannot perform selfcare
emotionally detached
49
Q

Recognize the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease

A

a chronic brain disease characterized by progressive muscle rigidity and involuntary tremors

50
Q

Recall the etiology of multiple sclerosis

A

believed to be immunologic; the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues

51
Q

Discuss the appropriate treatment protocol for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Treatment is symptomatic and may include emotional and physical support

52
Q

Summarize the diagnostic tools for narcolepsy

A

sleep study

53
Q

Discuss the prognosis of restless leg syndrome

A

no cure

54
Q

Describe the progression of brain tumors

A

Tumors in the brain cause neurological deterioration by replacing healthy brain tissue, by compressing brain tissue, or by blocking the blood supply or the flow of CSF to a portion of the brain

55
Q

List at least four symptoms characteristic of nervous system diseases and disorders

A

Headache

Weakness

Nausea and vomiting

Motor disturbances

D069 (13 decks)

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