Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Honors Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 1 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of structures and the relationships among structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

study of functions of body parts, how the body works

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Levels of Organization

A

The structural hierarchy of the body, including chemicals, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The tiny particles chemicals consist of

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cells

A

the basic unit of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a group of specialized cells that assemble into layers or masses with specific functions

A

tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

groups of different tissues that are complex structures with specialized functions

A

organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interacting organ systems, highest level of organization, makes up a total organism

A

Organismal level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body

A

Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

conditions in which the body’s internal environment remains within certain physiological limits

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells or structures inside cells

A

Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external environment

A

Responsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Increase in size, increase in size of existing cells, number of cells, or amount of substance surrounding cells

A

Growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

either the formation of new cells for growth, repair, or replacement and production of new individual

A

Reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells

A

Respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

breaking down substances to be absorbed

A

Digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

movement of substances in body fluids

A

Circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

absorption of vitamins, minerals, and other chemicals from food

A

Assimilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

elimination of metabolic wastes from the internal environment

A

Excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The standard reference position for the body in which the body is standing upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and palms facing forward.

A

Anatomical position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The external covering of the body, including skin, hair, and nails.

A

Integumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The body system that supports and protects the body and allows for movement, consisting of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints.

A

Skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The body system that enables movement of the body and internal organs, composed of muscles and tendons.

A

Muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The body system that controls and coordinates body activities by detecting stimuli and sending signals through the body, composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.

A

Nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The body system that regulates body activities by releasing hormones, composed of glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.

A

Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

4 basic types of tissue in the body

A

epithelium, muscle, connective, nervous

28
Q

The body system responsible for the circulation of blood and transport of nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and wastes, composed of the heart and blood vessels.

`

A

Cardiovascular system

29
Q

The body system that helps rid the body of toxins, waste, and other unwanted materials, composed of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and lymphoid organs.

A

Lymphatic system

30
Q

The body system that processes food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste, composed of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and associated organs.

A

Digestive system

31
Q

The body system responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and the air, composed of the lungs and air passages.

A

Respiratory system

32
Q

The body system responsible for the production, storage, and elimination of urine, composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

A

Urinary system

33
Q

The body system responsible for the production of offspring, composed of the gonads and associated structures.

A

Reproductive system

34
Q

covers the body surface and lines its cavities

A

epithelium tissues

35
Q

made of cells capable of contracting.

A

muscle tissue

36
Q

provides support for your body and connects all its parts

A

connective tissue

37
Q

senses stimuli and transmits signals

A

nervous tissue

38
Q

toward the head, upper part of a structure
ex. the heart is ________ to the stomach

A

Superior

39
Q

away from the head, lower part of the structure
ex. the neck is _________ to the skull

A

Inferior

40
Q

nearer to or at the front of the body
ex. the heart is ________ to the vertebrae

A

anterior

41
Q

nearer to or at the back of the body
ex. the esophagus is _______ to the trachea

A

Posterior

42
Q

nearer to the midline of the body, midline is an imaginary vertical line dividing the body into equal left and right halves

A

medial

43
Q

farther from the midline of the body

A

lateral

44
Q

between structures

A

intermediate

45
Q

nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk of a structure, nearer to the point of origin

A

Proximal

46
Q

farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or a structure, farther from the point of origin

A

distal

47
Q

away from the surface of the body

A

Deep

48
Q

divides the body into right and left sides

A

Sagittal

49
Q

divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

A

Frontal or Coronal

50
Q

horizontal, divides the body into superior and inferior portions

A

transverse

51
Q

Body Cavity located near the posterior surface and is comprised of two cavities

A

Dorsal Body Cavity

52
Q

Dorsal Body Cavities

A

Cranial and Spinal

53
Q

Cavity formed by cranial bones, houses the brain and its coverings

A

Cranial Cavity

54
Q

Formed by the vertebrae and contains the spinal cord and its coverings and Spinal nerves

A

Spinal Cavity

55
Q

Body Cavity located on the anterior portion of the body, contains organs that is collectively known as the viscera. Comprised of two cavities.

A

Ventral Body Cavity

56
Q

Ventral Body Cavities

A

Thoracic and Abdominal Pelvic

57
Q

upper portion of the ventral Cavity, chest cavity, diaphragm separates it from the abdominal cavity, subdivided into the plural cavity and the pericardial cavity.

A

thoracic cavity

58
Q

lower portion of the ventral Body Cavity, subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavity

A

Abdominal Pelvic Cavity

59
Q

Self regulating systems that monitors aspects of the internal environment and correct them as needed

A

Homeostatic Mechanism

60
Q

3 parts of a homeostatic mechanism

A

receptor, control center, effector

61
Q

detects and provides information about the stimuli

A

receptor

62
Q

decision-maker that maintains the set point

A

control center

63
Q

muscle or gland that responds to the control center, and causes the necessary change in the internal environment

A

Effector

64
Q

2 examples of homeostasis

A

-body produces sweat through sweat glands to reduce heat
-muscle contractions make you shiver to generate and conserve heat when your cold

65
Q

Example of negative feedback

A

When glucose is too high your body releases insulin hormone

66
Q

Example of positive feedback

A

Contractions in child labor intensify pressure and hormones to push out the baby.

67
Q

Why is it important to understand positive and negative feedback?

A

So we can better understand what’s happening when there’s a problem in the feedback system.

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions