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Honors Anatomy and Physiology > Skeletal System Unit Test > Flashcards

Skeletal System Unit Test Flashcards

1
Q

What tissues are the bones composed of

A

bone tissue
cartilage
dense connective tissue
blood
nervous tissue

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2
Q

is the Cranium axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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3
Q

are the facial bones axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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4
Q

is the skull axial or appendicular?

A

axial

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5
Q

is the clavicle axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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6
Q

is the sternum axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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7
Q

are the ribs axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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8
Q

is the lumbar vertebrae axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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9
Q

is the Ileum (hip bone) axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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10
Q

is the carpal axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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11
Q

is the metacarpals axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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12
Q

is the phalanges axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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13
Q

is the patella axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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14
Q

is the tarsal axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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15
Q

is the metatarsals axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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16
Q

What are the two membranous linings of bones?

A

Periosteum and Endosteum

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17
Q

chitinous covering on the outside of the bone

A

periosteum

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18
Q

lines the insides of bone

A

Endosteum

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19
Q

What are the functions of bones?

A

support
protection
movement
storage

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20
Q

What do bones support

A

Muscle and soft organs
provides framework for muscle attachment

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21
Q

What do bones protect?

A

Organs from trauma

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22
Q

How do bones help with movement?

A

they are the attachment sites of muscles and help with range of motion

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23
Q

Blood Cell Formation

A

Hematopoieses

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24
Q

white and red blood cells and platelets for within . . .

A

medullary cavities

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25
How do bones help with storage?
store minerals in the osseous tissue fat in the yellow bone marrow also store nutrients
26
What is the long and narrow shaft of a long bone called?
diaphysis
27
what are the expanded ends on a long bone?
Epiphysis
28
Short Bones
Cube like Length and width are roughly same size includes sesamoid bones
29
Flat Bones
Plate like with broad surfaces
30
Irregular bones
variety of shapes most are connected to several other bones
31
Cartilage that gives support and flexibility
Hyaline (articular)
32
Cartilage that helps with bending and stretching
Elastic
33
Cartilage that helps with compression and stretching
Fibrocartilage
34
Where is Elastic Cartilage found?
The outer ear and the Epiglotis
35
How many bones does the adult human body have
206
36
About how many bones are babies born with
300
37
contains lots of porous spaces where the bone marrow is found and holds red blood cells
Spongy Bone
38
expanded end of a long bone
epiphysis
39
bone shaft of a long bone
diaphysis
40
covers epiphysis
Articular cartilage
41
encloses the bone; dense connective tissue
Periosteum
42
Makes up epiphsis
Spongy bone
43
hollow chambers in the diaphysis that contains marrow
medullary cavity
44
layer of bone that lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
45
prevents the forward slippage of your shin bone underneath your thigh bone
ACL
46
stabilizes the knee by preventing the tibia from moving to far back or sliding behind the femur
PCL
47
prevents the knee from extending too far inward, but it also helps stabilize the knee and allows it to rotate
MCL
48
stabilizes the knee and prevents it from bucking outwards
LCL
49
joints joined by connective tissue
Fibrous
50
Cartilage between joints (Vertebrae)
Cartilagineous
51
fluid filled joints (elbow, Knouckles)
Synovial
52
Immovable
Fibrous
53
Semi-movable
Cartiligineous
54
Freely movable
Synovial
55
What are the six types of Synovial Joints
Condyloid Pivot Hinge Saddle Gliding Ball and Socket
56
Where is the pivot found
Vertebrae, skull
57
Where is the Hinge joint found
knee and elbow
58
Where is the Saddle Joint found
Thumb
59
Where is the Ball and Socket Joint
shoulder
60
moving a part away from the midline
abduction
61
moving a part towards the midline
adduction
62
what is the synovial cavity filled with
synovial fluid
63
what is an infantile skull like at birth
incompletely developed
64
is the scapula axial or appendicular?
appendicular
65
is the cervical vertebrae axial or appendicular?
axial
66
is the humerus axial or appendicular?
appendicular
67
is the ulna axial or appendicular?
Appendicular
68
is the radius axial or appendicular?
appendicular
69
is the femur axial or appendicular?
appendicular
70
is the tibia axial or appendicular?
appendicular
71
is the fibula axial or appendicular?
appendicular
72
is the sacrum axial or appendicular?
axial
73
is the coxyx axial or appendicular?
axial
74
Parts of the skeletal system begin to develop in first few weeks of ______________
prenatal
75
Body structures continue to grow and develop into ____________
adulthood
76
Bones form from hyaline cartilage
Endochondral Ossification
77
Nutrition, sunlight exposure, hormone levels, and physical exercise all affect ____________, _______, and _______
bone development, growth, and repair
78
calcium absorption; deficiency causes rickets, osteomalacia
Vitamin D
79
Osteoblast and Osteoclast activity; deficiency retards bone development
Vitamin A
80
Collagen synthesis; deficiency results in slender, fragile bones
Vitamin C
81
stimulates cartilage cell division
Growth Hormone
82
Insufficiency of growth hormone in a child can result in pituitary . . .
dwarfism
83
Excess of growth hormone in a child causes _____________, and acromegaly in an adult
gigantism
84
Osteoclasts
Break down calcified matrix
85
Osteoblasts
invade, replacing cartilage with bone tissue
86
Fracture protected by uninjured skin
Simple (closed)
87
Fracture in which the bone is exposed to the outside through opening in skin
Compound (open)
88
incomplete fracture (not broken completely in half)
Greenstick
89
2 or more fragments broken off
Comminuted
90
diagonal fracture (not in line)
Spiral Fracture
91
Steps of Fracture Repair
-Hematoma Formation -Fibrocartilaginous callus formation -Bony Callus formation -Bone Remodeling

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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