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Honors Anatomy and Physiology > Skeletal System Unit Test > Flashcards

Skeletal System Unit Test Flashcards

1
Q

What tissues are the bones composed of

A

bone tissue
cartilage
dense connective tissue
blood
nervous tissue

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2
Q

is the Cranium axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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3
Q

are the facial bones axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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4
Q

is the skull axial or appendicular?

A

axial

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5
Q

is the clavicle axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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6
Q

is the sternum axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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7
Q

are the ribs axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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8
Q

is the lumbar vertebrae axial or appendicular?

A

Axial

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9
Q

is the Ileum (hip bone) axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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10
Q

is the carpal axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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11
Q

is the metacarpals axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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12
Q

is the phalanges axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

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13
Q

is the patella axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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14
Q

is the tarsal axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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15
Q

is the metatarsals axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

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16
Q

What are the two membranous linings of bones?

A

Periosteum and Endosteum

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17
Q

chitinous covering on the outside of the bone

A

periosteum

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18
Q

lines the insides of bone

A

Endosteum

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19
Q

What are the functions of bones?

A

support
protection
movement
storage

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20
Q

What do bones support

A

Muscle and soft organs
provides framework for muscle attachment

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21
Q

What do bones protect?

A

Organs from trauma

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22
Q

How do bones help with movement?

A

they are the attachment sites of muscles and help with range of motion

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23
Q

Blood Cell Formation

A

Hematopoieses

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24
Q

white and red blood cells and platelets for within . . .

A

medullary cavities

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25
Q

How do bones help with storage?

A

store minerals in the osseous tissue
fat in the yellow bone marrow
also store nutrients

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26
Q

What is the long and narrow shaft of a long bone called?

A

diaphysis

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27
Q

what are the expanded ends on a long bone?

A

Epiphysis

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28
Q

Short Bones

A

Cube like
Length and width are roughly same size
includes sesamoid bones

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29
Q

Flat Bones

A

Plate like with broad surfaces

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30
Q

Irregular bones

A

variety of shapes
most are connected to several other bones

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31
Q

Cartilage that gives support and flexibility

A

Hyaline (articular)

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32
Q

Cartilage that helps with bending and stretching

A

Elastic

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33
Q

Cartilage that helps with compression and stretching

A

Fibrocartilage

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34
Q

Where is Elastic Cartilage found?

A

The outer ear and the Epiglotis

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35
Q

How many bones does the adult human body have

A

206

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36
Q

About how many bones are babies born with

A

300

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37
Q

contains lots of porous spaces where the bone marrow is found and holds red blood cells

A

Spongy Bone

38
Q

expanded end of a long bone

A

epiphysis

39
Q

bone shaft of a long bone

A

diaphysis

40
Q

covers epiphysis

A

Articular cartilage

41
Q

encloses the bone; dense connective tissue

A

Periosteum

42
Q

Makes up epiphsis

A

Spongy bone

43
Q

hollow chambers in the diaphysis that contains marrow

A

medullary cavity

44
Q

layer of bone that lines the medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

45
Q

prevents the forward slippage of your shin bone underneath your thigh bone

A

ACL

46
Q

stabilizes the knee by preventing the tibia from moving to far back or sliding behind the femur

A

PCL

47
Q

prevents the knee from extending too far inward, but it also helps stabilize the knee and allows it to rotate

A

MCL

48
Q

stabilizes the knee and prevents it from bucking outwards

A

LCL

49
Q

joints joined by connective tissue

A

Fibrous

50
Q

Cartilage between joints (Vertebrae)

A

Cartilagineous

51
Q

fluid filled joints (elbow, Knouckles)

A

Synovial

52
Q

Immovable

A

Fibrous

53
Q

Semi-movable

A

Cartiligineous

54
Q

Freely movable

A

Synovial

55
Q

What are the six types of Synovial Joints

A

Condyloid
Pivot
Hinge
Saddle
Gliding
Ball and Socket

56
Q

Where is the pivot found

A

Vertebrae, skull

57
Q

Where is the Hinge joint found

A

knee and elbow

58
Q

Where is the Saddle Joint found

A

Thumb

59
Q

Where is the Ball and Socket Joint

A

shoulder

60
Q

moving a part away from the midline

A

abduction

61
Q

moving a part towards the midline

A

adduction

62
Q

what is the synovial cavity filled with

A

synovial fluid

63
Q

what is an infantile skull like at birth

A

incompletely developed

64
Q

is the scapula axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

65
Q

is the cervical vertebrae axial or appendicular?

A

axial

66
Q

is the humerus axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

67
Q

is the ulna axial or appendicular?

A

Appendicular

68
Q

is the radius axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

69
Q

is the femur axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

70
Q

is the tibia axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

71
Q

is the fibula axial or appendicular?

A

appendicular

72
Q

is the sacrum axial or appendicular?

A

axial

73
Q

is the coxyx axial or appendicular?

A

axial

74
Q

Parts of the skeletal system begin to develop in first few weeks of ______________

A

prenatal

75
Q

Body structures continue to grow and develop into ____________

A

adulthood

76
Q

Bones form from hyaline cartilage

A

Endochondral Ossification

77
Q

Nutrition, sunlight exposure, hormone levels, and physical exercise all affect ____________, _______, and _______

A

bone development, growth, and repair

78
Q

calcium absorption; deficiency causes rickets, osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D

79
Q

Osteoblast and Osteoclast activity; deficiency retards bone development

A

Vitamin A

80
Q

Collagen synthesis; deficiency results in slender, fragile bones

A

Vitamin C

81
Q

stimulates cartilage cell division

A

Growth Hormone

82
Q

Insufficiency of growth hormone in a child can result in pituitary . . .

A

dwarfism

83
Q

Excess of growth hormone in a child causes _____________, and acromegaly in an adult

A

gigantism

84
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Break down calcified matrix

85
Q

Osteoblasts

A

invade, replacing cartilage with bone tissue

86
Q

Fracture protected by uninjured skin

A

Simple (closed)

87
Q

Fracture in which the bone is exposed to the outside through opening in skin

A

Compound (open)

88
Q

incomplete fracture (not broken completely in half)

A

Greenstick

89
Q

2 or more fragments broken off

A

Comminuted

90
Q

diagonal fracture (not in line)

A

Spiral Fracture

91
Q

Steps of Fracture Repair

A

-Hematoma Formation
-Fibrocartilaginous callus formation
-Bony Callus formation
-Bone Remodeling

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (10 decks)

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