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Honors Anatomy and Physiology > The Nervous System test > Flashcards

The Nervous System test Flashcards

1
Q

function of the frontal lobe

A

voluntary action

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2
Q

function of the parietal lobe

A

awareness of touch, pain, and temperature (somatosensory)

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3
Q

function of spinal chord

A

relay pathway between peripheral nerves and the brain

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4
Q

function of the medulla oblongata

A

vital processes like your heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure

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5
Q

function of the occipital lobe

A

visual

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6
Q

function of the cerebellum

A

coordinating movement and balance

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7
Q

function of the temporal lobe

A

auditory

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8
Q

function of the hypothalamus

A

body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythms

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9
Q

functions of the thalamus

A

sensory integration, motor integration, sleep, consciousness

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10
Q

3 main parts of the brain

A

cerebellum cerebrum and spinal chord

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11
Q

the cerebrum has __ hemispheres

A

2

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12
Q

The hemispheres of the cerebrum are divided into . . .

A

lobes

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13
Q

The _______ cell bodies are found in the gray matter

A

neuron

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14
Q

The cerebellum helps control ________

A

balance

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15
Q

What is the name of the fluid that surrounds the brain?

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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16
Q

Why is our brain surrounded by fluid

A

to cushion the brain, support it, and give it buoyancy

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17
Q

Which baby will create more connections in their brain?

A

a baby who is constantly spoken to by their parents

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18
Q

how does our brain form new links between neurons

A

by learning

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19
Q

T/F A baby’s brain is the same size it will be as an adult

A

False

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20
Q

T/F New connections are made every time you learn something new

A

True

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21
Q

T/F Your neural connections are unique to you. They are not the same as other people.

A

True

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22
Q

Step One of a Reflex Arc

A
  1. Starts when sensory receptor detects stimulus
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23
Q

Step Two of a Reflex Arc

A
  1. Nerve Impulse is generated and travels to the spinal chord
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24
Q

Step Three of a Reflex Arc

A
  1. An Interneuron recieves the impulse, interprets the information, and determines the response
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25
Q

Step Four of a Reflex Arc

A
  1. Nerve impulses travel along a motor neuron from CNS to the muscles and glands
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26
Q

Step Five of a Reflex Arc

A
  1. Body responds to the stimulus by producing a Reflex action
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27
Q

Steps of a Reflex Arc

A

Sidney Never Answers Noisy Brothers

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28
Q

“fight or flight”

A

Sympathetic Nervous system

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29
Q

carry impulses away from the CNS

A

Motor Neurons

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30
Q

“Rest or Digest”

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

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31
Q

Involuntary actions

A

Autonomic Nervous System

32
Q

Voluntary Actions

A

Somatic nervous system

33
Q

Carry impulses to the CNS

A

Sensory neurons

34
Q

Sensory Input

A

stimuli for all motor actions

34
Q

3 functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory Input
Integration
Responds

34
Q

Integration

A

helps with connecting stimuli to decision making

35
Q

Responds

A

input= motor output

36
Q

2 divisions of the Nervous System

A

CNS= Central Nervous system
PNS= Peripheral Nervous System

37
Q

2 categories of the Autonomic NS

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

38
Q

Neurons

A

nerve cells, structural units of the nervous system

39
Q

Special charactaristics of a neutron

A

extreme longevity- over 100 years if not damaged

40
Q

contains genetic information, maintains the neuron’s structure, and provides energy to drive activities

A

cell body

41
Q

recieves the signals from another neuron

A

dendrite

42
Q

the tail of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body

A

Axon

43
Q

protective covering over axons

A

Myelin Sheath

44
Q

the languages of the NS

A

neurotransmitters

45
Q

types of neurotransmitters

A

Dopamine, Norepherine, Serotonin, Histamine, Endorphins

46
Q

The senseory, interneurons, and motor neurons are organized into pathways called . . .

A

neural circuits

47
Q

Neuroglia

A

glial cells

48
Q

Schwann Cells

A

type of glial cell
specialized neuroglia cell that makes up the myelin sheath

49
Q

Neurotransmitters are . . .

A

chemical messengers

50
Q

Alzheimers

A

memory loss and repetitive behaviors

51
Q

Meningitis

A

Caused by bacteria/virus

52
Q

Batten Diseas

A

CLN

53
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

bleeding, build up of fluid on brain

54
Q

Concussion

A

blurred vision, light sensitivity

55
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

A

caused by contaminated surgical instruments, always fatal

56
Q

Amnesia

A

memory loss, stress

57
Q

Cotard syndrome

A

self-death

58
Q

Cerebrum makes up _____ % of brain mass

A

83

59
Q

gyri

A

contains elevated ridges

60
Q

sulci

A

contains shallow grooves “sulks”

61
Q

4 lobes of the brain

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

62
Q

Cortex/grey matter

A

enabls us to percieve, communicate, remember, understand, appreciate, and initiate voluntary movement

63
Q

Cortex/grey matter makes up _____% of brain mass

A

40

64
Q

Each hemisphere controls the ________ side of the body

A

opposite

65
Q

Cerebellum makes up _____% of total brain mass

A

11%

66
Q

Brain stem includes

A

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

67
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

controls respiration and reflexes

68
Q

3 parts of Brain protection

A

Meninges
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Blood-brain barrier

69
Q

Meninges

A

3 connective tissue membranes that lie just externally of the CNS organs

70
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A

liquid cushion surrounding the brain that gives it bouyancy

71
Q

Blood-Brain Barrier

A

protective mechanism that maintains a stable environment for the brain.

72
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

connects left and right hemispheres

73
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

controls hormones

74
Q

4 basic regions of the spinal chord

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral (spinal nerves)

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (12 decks)

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