The Nervous System test Flashcards by Sidney B

function of the frontal lobe

voluntary action

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function of the parietal lobe

awareness of touch, pain, and temperature (somatosensory)

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function of spinal chord

relay pathway between peripheral nerves and the brain

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function of the medulla oblongata

vital processes like your heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure

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function of the occipital lobe

visual

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function of the cerebellum

coordinating movement and balance

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function of the temporal lobe

auditory

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function of the hypothalamus

body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythms

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functions of the thalamus

sensory integration, motor integration, sleep, consciousness

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3 main parts of the brain

cerebellum cerebrum and spinal chord

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the cerebrum has __ hemispheres

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The hemispheres of the cerebrum are divided into . . .

lobes

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The _______ cell bodies are found in the gray matter

neuron

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The cerebellum helps control ________

balance

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What is the name of the fluid that surrounds the brain?

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Why is our brain surrounded by fluid

to cushion the brain, support it, and give it buoyancy

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Which baby will create more connections in their brain?

a baby who is constantly spoken to by their parents

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how does our brain form new links between neurons

by learning

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T/F A baby’s brain is the same size it will be as an adult

False

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T/F New connections are made every time you learn something new

True

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T/F Your neural connections are unique to you. They are not the same as other people.

True

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Step One of a Reflex Arc

Starts when sensory receptor detects stimulus

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Step Two of a Reflex Arc

Nerve Impulse is generated and travels to the spinal chord

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Step Three of a Reflex Arc

An Interneuron recieves the impulse, interprets the information, and determines the response

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Step Four of a Reflex Arc

4. Nerve impulses travel along a motor neuron from CNS to the muscles and glands

Step Five of a Reflex Arc

5. Body responds to the stimulus by producing a Reflex action

Steps of a Reflex Arc

Sidney Never Answers Noisy Brothers

"fight or flight"

Sympathetic Nervous system

carry impulses away from the CNS

Motor Neurons

"Rest or Digest"

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Involuntary actions

Autonomic Nervous System

Voluntary Actions

Somatic nervous system

Carry impulses to the CNS

Sensory neurons

Sensory Input

stimuli for all motor actions

3 functions of the nervous system

Sensory Input Integration Responds

Integration

helps with connecting stimuli to decision making

Responds

input= motor output

2 divisions of the Nervous System

CNS= Central Nervous system PNS= Peripheral Nervous System

2 categories of the Autonomic NS

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Neurons

nerve cells, structural units of the nervous system

Special charactaristics of a neutron

extreme longevity- over 100 years if not damaged

contains genetic information, maintains the neuron's structure, and provides energy to drive activities

cell body

recieves the signals from another neuron

dendrite

the tail of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body

Axon

protective covering over axons

Myelin Sheath

the languages of the NS

neurotransmitters

types of neurotransmitters

Dopamine, Norepherine, Serotonin, Histamine, Endorphins

The senseory, interneurons, and motor neurons are organized into pathways called . . .

neural circuits

Neuroglia

glial cells

Schwann Cells

type of glial cell specialized neuroglia cell that makes up the myelin sheath

Neurotransmitters are . . .

chemical messengers

Alzheimers

memory loss and repetitive behaviors

Meningitis

Caused by bacteria/virus

Batten Diseas

CLN

Hydrocephalus

bleeding, build up of fluid on brain

Concussion

blurred vision, light sensitivity

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

caused by contaminated surgical instruments, always fatal

Amnesia

memory loss, stress

Cotard syndrome

self-death

Cerebrum makes up _____ % of brain mass

gyri

contains elevated ridges

sulci

contains shallow grooves "sulks"

4 lobes of the brain

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Cortex/grey matter

enabls us to percieve, communicate, remember, understand, appreciate, and initiate voluntary movement

Cortex/grey matter makes up _____% of brain mass

Each hemisphere controls the ________ side of the body

opposite

Cerebellum makes up _____% of total brain mass

11%

Brain stem includes

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Medulla oblongata

controls respiration and reflexes

3 parts of Brain protection

Meninges Cerebrospinal Fluid Blood-brain barrier

Meninges

3 connective tissue membranes that lie just externally of the CNS organs

Cerebrospinal Fluid

liquid cushion surrounding the brain that gives it bouyancy

Blood-Brain Barrier

protective mechanism that maintains a stable environment for the brain.

Corpus Callosum

connects left and right hemispheres

Pituitary Gland

controls hormones

4 basic regions of the spinal chord

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral (spinal nerves)