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Honors Anatomy and Physiology > Heart and Circulatory Test > Flashcards

Heart and Circulatory Test Flashcards

1
Q

what supplies the heart with blood

A

coronary circulation

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2
Q

supplies blood to the heart itself so the heart has oxygen to do its job

A

left and right coronary arteries

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3
Q

contraction of the heart chambers

A

systole

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4
Q

relaxation of the heart chambers

A

Diastole

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5
Q

What is an EKG

A

records the electrical signal from the heart to check for different heart conditions.

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6
Q

How do EKG’s work

A

electrodes are placed on the chest to record the heart’s electrical signals which cause the heart to beat. Shown in waves

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7
Q

constricts blood flow

A

vasoconstriction

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8
Q

increases blood flow

A

vasodilation

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9
Q

smallest vessels that connect arteries to veins

A

capillaries

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10
Q

Main function of Capillaries

A

to allow the exchange of nutrients and waste products between cells of tissue and blood

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11
Q

carry blood back to the heart and contain valves

A

veins

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12
Q

prevent backflow of blood

A

valves

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13
Q

Blood pressure

A

pressure exerted by blood on the walls of an artery

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14
Q

alternating expansion and contraction of an artery

A

pulse

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15
Q

pulse rate over 100/min

A

tachycardia

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16
Q

pulse rate under 60/min

A

bradycardia

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17
Q

blood pressure is taken in the _______ brachial artery using a __________ and ___________

A

left, sphygmomanometer, stethoscope

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18
Q

BP is recorded

A

Systolic/Diastolic ex. 120/80

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19
Q

thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries

A

Arteriosclerosis

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20
Q

plaque or fatty buildup of cholesterol on wall of arteries

A

Artherosclerosis

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21
Q

genetic disorder in which thick mucus clogs up the air passageways

A

cystic fibrosis

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22
Q

heart location

A

between lungs, 2/3 lies to the left of midline

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23
Q

heart is what size

A

fist sized

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24
Q

heart weighs less than

25
sac that encloses the heart and holds it in place
pericardium
26
Heart has 2 parts
Fibrous and Serous Pericardium
27
Fibrous Pericardium
outer membrane, prevents overstretching, anchors, and protects the heart
28
Serous Pericardium
double layered inner membrane, parietal layer is outer part, visceral layer is inner part
29
what is between Serous layers
pericardial cavity which contains pericardial fluid
30
pericardial fluid
prevents friction on wall during contractions
31
Heart wall layers
epicardium (external) myocardium (middle layer made of cardiac muscle tissue) endocardium (inner layer that covers valves and tendons in heart)
32
chambers are separated by a muscular septum called
interventricular septum
33
veins contain
oxygen-poor blood
34
left and right pulmonary veins
only veins to carry oxygenated blood
35
carry blood away from heart
arteries
36
right and left pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs (only one to carry deoxygenated)
37
Tricuspid valve has ___ cusps or flaps between right atrium and ventricle
3
38
Bicuspid Valve
2 cusps or flaps between left atrium and ventricle (mitral)
39
chordae tendonae
tendon-like chords that connect pointed ends of the valves to the muscles on the inner surface of the wall.
40
Rh antigens present
Rh+
41
Rh antigens not present
Rh-
42
oxygen carrying capacity is reduced usually due to lack of iron
Anemia
43
Sickle Cell Anemia
hemoglobin is abnormal and causes abnormal cells to develop
44
Universal recipient
Group AB
45
Universal Donor
Group O
46
Group A
Anti B, Antigen A
47
Group B
Anti A, Antigen B
48
Group AB
No Antibodies, A&B Antigens
49
Group O
Anti A and Anti B, no antigens
50
protect against toxins and microbes
white blood cells
51
blood is viscous so it is
heavier and thicker than water
52
Bloods temperature is about
100.4
53
red blood cells
erythrocytes
54
white blood cells
leukocytes (4 types)
55
Platelets that allow blood to clot
thrombocytes
56
what gases are exchanged in Capillaries?
oxygen and carbon dioxide
57
gases move from
high to low concentration creating homeostasis
58
Diaphram
chest piece used to detect high frequency sounds
59
Bell
smaller, cup-shaped, used to detect low frequency sounds

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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