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Honors Anatomy and Physiology > Muscular System Unit Test > Flashcards

Muscular System Unit Test Flashcards

1
Q

Is Skeletal Muscle Striated? Voluntary?

A

Yes it is both Striated and voluntary

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2
Q

Is Smooth Muscle Striated? Voluntary?

A

No it is not Striated or Voluntary

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3
Q

Is Cardiac Muscle Striated? Voluntary?

A

Yes it is striated but it is not voluntary

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4
Q

Each time you take a step, how many muscles help move the foot?

A

200

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5
Q

About how many muscles are in the body?

A

600

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6
Q

What type of muscle makes up the bulk of the muscular system?

A

Skeletal Muscle

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7
Q

Muscles provide ___% of the body’s temperature

A

85

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8
Q

an energy-carrying molecule known as the “energy currency of life”

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

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9
Q

ATP is made by . . .

A

converting the food we eat into energy

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10
Q

cell

A

muscle fiber

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11
Q

Muscle fibers (cells) are wrapped up in bundles called . . .

A

fascicles

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12
Q

Fascicles are wrapped up in bundles called . . .

A

myofibris

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13
Q

bundles of sarcomeres

A

myofibrils

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14
Q

A segment of the myofibril made up of several different filaments that help with the contractions of muscle fibers

A

sarcomeres

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15
Q

“twitch”

A

contraction

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16
Q

muscle shortens

A

contraction

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17
Q

muscle lengthens

A

relaxation

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18
Q

What are the three connective tissue sheets that add extra protection to all the muscle fibers?

A

endomysium, perimysium, epimysium

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19
Q

What are the 2 myofilament proteins of a sarcomere?

A

actin (thin)
myosin (thick)

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20
Q

Sliding Filament Theory

A

Muscles shorten when the thin (actin) and thick (myosin) filaments slide past each other, pulling on the muscle ends.

21
Q

What key component is necessary for the binding and unbinding to take place?

A

calcium and ATP

22
Q

Four components of refuting the evolutionary development

A

complexity and functionality
interdependence
adaptability
irreducible complexity

23
Q

explain complexity and functionality

A

precise control suggests an design purpose

24
Q

explain interdependence

A

dependency of the muscles on each other shows a complex design.

25
Q

explain adaptibility

A

adaptations to demands and exercise show an intelligent design

26
Q

explain irreducible complexity

A

the muscular system cannot function without all components refuting evolution.

27
Q

Shoulder Muscles

A

upper trapezius
scalene
suboccopitals

28
Q

Shoulder Exercises

A

Dumbbell Shrugs
Neck Twists

29
Q

Abdominal Exercises

A

Planks

30
Q

Upper Legs Muscle and Exercise

A

Rectus Femoris- lateral step ups

31
Q

Upper Arms Muscle and Exercise

A

Biceps Brachii- bicep curl

32
Q

Muscles must have at least _ attachments

A

2

33
Q

Muscles always ___ and get _______

A

pull and get shorter

34
Q

The attachment that moves is known is known as the __________ and the attachment that remains stationary _______

A

insertion and the origin

35
Q

Muscles that decrease the angle between ventral surfaces of the body are known as _______

A

flexors

36
Q

Muscles that increase the angle between ventral surfaces of the body are known as __________

A

extensors

37
Q

Muscles work in opposing pairs . . .

A

agonist and antagonist

38
Q

Muscle striations point to the __________ and show the direction of the ______.

A

attachments, pull

39
Q

ATP is produced through the breakdown of ____________

A

glycogen

40
Q

glycogen

A

a complex sugar that is made from carbs

41
Q

Muscles need glycogen in order to . . .

A

function

42
Q

When glycogen is broken down into ATP, a waste product called ______ _____ is produced

A

lactic acid

43
Q

muscle fatigue

A

electrolyte imbalance
lactic acid build up
causes short term discomfort

44
Q

Muscle soreness

A

Micro tears
causes long term discomfort

45
Q

2 main types of exercise

A

anaerobic and aerobic

46
Q

anaerobic

A

static

47
Q

aerobic

A

dynamic

48
Q

the heart is responsible for supplying . .

A

oxygen rich blood to the skeletal and smooth muscles

49
Q

Skeletal muscle can _______ ____ and use anaerobic mechanisms for ATP production but _______ _______ ___ _____ once lactic acid accumulates

A

switch over, cannot continue for long

Honors Anatomy and Physiology (10 decks)

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