Chapter 1 – Introduction to Personal Training Flashcards
Health
The condition of being sound in body, mind, or spirit and free from physical pain, illness, or disease.
Overload
A principle of exercise programming, overload is stress applied beyond that which the body is accustomed for the promotion of fitness improvements.
Progression
A principle of exercise programming, once the body has adapted to a level of stress, additional or novel stress is needed to promote further adaptations.
Specificity
A principle of exercise programming. A desired adaption must match the
specific stresses placed upon the body; controlled stress applied in quantified
measures to elicit desirable responses from the body.
Cardiorespiratory fitness
A health-related component of physical fitness, defined as the ability of the circulatory, respiratory, and muscular systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity.
VO2max
Measure of an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness as indicated by maximal oxygen use - measured by milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute of work.
Muscular strength
A health-related component of fitness, defined as the measure of an individual’s maximal contractile force production against a resistance.
Muscular endurance
A health-related component of fitness, defined as the measure of muscle force decline over time.
Stability
The synergistic ability of muscles, nerves, proprioceptors, and connective tissues to maintain firm positioning and offset disruptive forces.
Flexibility
A health-related component of fitness, indicated by the ability of a muscle to move through a range of motion at a single joint in a single plane.
Mobility
The ability to move cooperative body segments through a full, unrestricted range of motion.
Body composition
A health-related component of fitness, indicated by the ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass within the body.
Fat-free mass
All tissues within the human body that contain no fat.
Normal-weight obesity
Classification indicated by normal weight by population norms, but high body fat percentage.
Power
The rate at which work is performed.