Chapter 1 – Introduction to Personal Training Flashcards

1
Q

Health

A

The condition of being sound in body, mind, or spirit and free from physical pain, illness, or disease.

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2
Q

Overload

A

A principle of exercise programming, overload is stress applied beyond that which the body is accustomed for the promotion of fitness improvements.

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3
Q

Progression

A

A principle of exercise programming, once the body has adapted to a level of stress, additional or novel stress is needed to promote further adaptations.

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4
Q

Specificity

A

A principle of exercise programming. A desired adaption must match the
specific stresses placed upon the body; controlled stress applied in quantified
measures to elicit desirable responses from the body.

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5
Q

Cardiorespiratory fitness

A

A health-related component of physical fitness, defined as the ability of the circulatory, respiratory, and muscular systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity.

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6
Q

VO2max

A

Measure of an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness as indicated by maximal oxygen use - measured by milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute of work.

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7
Q

Muscular strength

A

A health-related component of fitness, defined as the measure of an individual’s maximal contractile force production against a resistance.

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8
Q

Muscular endurance

A

A health-related component of fitness, defined as the measure of muscle force decline over time.

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9
Q

Stability

A

The synergistic ability of muscles, nerves, proprioceptors, and connective tissues to maintain firm positioning and offset disruptive forces.

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10
Q

Flexibility

A

A health-related component of fitness, indicated by the ability of a muscle to move through a range of motion at a single joint in a single plane.

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11
Q

Mobility

A

The ability to move cooperative body segments through a full, unrestricted range of motion.

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12
Q

Body composition

A

A health-related component of fitness, indicated by the ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass within the body.

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13
Q

Fat-free mass

A

All tissues within the human body that contain no fat.

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14
Q

Normal-weight obesity

A

Classification indicated by normal weight by population norms, but high body fat percentage.

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15
Q

Power

A

The rate at which work is performed.

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16
Q

Power equation

A

(force x velocity) = (force x

distance/time) = (work/time).`

17
Q

Sarcopenia

A

A muscular disease indicated by the loss of total skeletal muscle mass, with particular significance in reduction of fast-twitch muscle fibers.

18
Q

Speed

A

The time to perform a movement in one direction: the rate of positional change.

19
Q

Balance

A

The ability to manage forces which act to disrupt stability.

20
Q

Proprioception

A

The cumulative input to the CNS from receptors that relay body and positional movement.

21
Q

Strength Balance

A

The functional strength ratio of opposing muscle groups across a joint: also referred to as agonist/antagonist muscle ratio or muscle balance ratio.

22
Q

Coordination

A

The ability to control and use multiple body parts and/or senses at the same time efficiently.

23
Q

Agility

A

A rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus.

24
Q

Open skills

A

Motor skills requiring the participant to react to changes in an unpredictable environment.

25
Q

Closed skills

A

Motor skills performed in a stable or predictable environment.