Chapter 1: Intro to Biology

Question 1

Biology is

Answer 1

Science of studying life

Question 2

Order

Answer 2

A rank used in the biological taxonomy. Each order is split into families. There are many orders in each class

Question 3

Regulation

Answer 3

The adaption of form or behaviour of an organism to changed conditions

Question 4

Growth/development

Answer 4

The irreversible increase of an organism’s size over a given period

Question 5

Energy processing

Answer 5

The continual input of energy, mostly from sunlight, sustains the process of life

Question 6

Responsiveness

Answer 6

Response can be an immediate, involuntary action or purposeful behavior

Question 7

Reproduction (not just sexual)

Answer 7

The production of offspring

Question 8

Evolution

Answer 8

Results from a process called natural selection

Question 9

Atoms

Answer 9

The basic building block for all matter in the universe

Question 10

Molecules

Answer 10

The smallest unit of a substance that has all the properties of that substance

Question 11

Organelles

Answer 11

Tiny machines that provide the needs of the cell

Question 12

Membranes

Answer 12

A thin but tough wall surrounding the cell

Question 13

Cells

Answer 13

The smallest unit with the basic properties of life

Question 14

Ecosystem

Answer 14

A community of interacting organisms and their environment

Question 15

Biosphere

Answer 15

Part of the Earth where living things thrive and live.

Question 16

All life can be divided into two cell categories

Answer 16

1) Prokaryotes (small, simple)
2) Eukaryotes (larger, more complex)

Question 17

All cells exhibit the 7 properties of life and contain what?

Answer 17

Membrane and DNA

Question 18

Life sorted into 3 domains

Answer 18

1) Archea (prokaryotic)
2) Bacteria (prokaryotic)
3) Eukarya (eukaryotic)

Question 19

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution via Natural Selection was due to two significant observations:

Answer 19

1. Overproduction & Competition
2. Individual variation

Question 20

Pressures led to

Answer 20

Unequal reproductive success (survival of the fittest) creating adaptations

Question 21

Common misconception

Answer 21

Organism adapt out of need (Lanmarck)

Question 22

Discovery science

Answer 22

Observe/measure natural phenomena to better understand

Question 23

Hypothesis-driven science

Answer 23

Propose an answer to a question, then actively investigate/test

Question 24

Hypothesis equal to

Answer 24

Tentative answer to the question or expiration on trial

Question 25

Theory

Answer 25

Explanation (hypothesis) that has been widely supported by extensive and varied evidence

Question 26

The (Simplified) Process

Answer 26

1) Observation (+question)
2) Hypothesis
3) Prediction
4) Experiment

Question 27

Types of Experiments

Answer 27

1) Comparative (observation)
2) Controlled (experimentation)

Question 28

Experimental group

Answer 28

The subjects exposed to the treatment also known as the independent variable

Question 29

Control group

Answer 29

The subject was not exposed to the treatment (but treated the same as the experimental group in every other way) also known as the dependent variable

Question 30

Repeatability (replication)

Answer 30

Empirical evidence is based on measurable, repeatable observations and must be able to get similar results

Question 31

A larger sample size increases

Answer 31

Confidence in results

Question 32

Reduce bias

Answer 32

Conscious or not, humans are prone to biases

Question 33

Trying to get data to

Answer 33

Fit the way you think it should

Question 34

Blind and double-blind studies prevent

Answer 34

Subjects &/or observers from knowing treatment groups

Question 35

Model organisms

Answer 35

Life form share many traits, so model species may be used