Chapter 1 Grammar Flashcards
What are relative pronouns and give an example?
Qui = who, words linking two facts about a person of thing.
When you see a relative pronoun…
It is the start of a new phrase, so you can create a line before it.
Superlatives are…
Big, Bigger, Biggest.
An adjective ending in -er e.g. Bigger would end with…
ior
An adjective ending in -est e.g. Biggest would end with…
issimus
What are time clauses…
Clauses indicating when something happens.
When there is a new time clause in the sentence…
Beginning of new phrase.
What are connecting relatives?
Relative pronoun starts the sentence but has no English term.
Example of connecting relatives…
Quos, Quae = them, these things.
What are the two meanings of quod?
Relative = because
connecting relative = this.
What is the purpose of a subjunctive…
Potential
Deliberative Questions
Purpose Clauses
Wishes for Future
Jussive
Relative Clauses
Indirect Questions
How to spot a present subjunctive…
Vowel change
How to spot an imperfect subjunctive…
The infinitive is in the imperfect subjunctive
How to spot a perfect subjunctive…
Look for R or Sim
How to spot a plu-perfect subjunctive…
V and Isse or Esse
What are the two types of purpose clauses?
Primary
Historic
What is a primary purpose clause made of?
Present + Future perfect (have)
What is a historic purpose clause made of?
Imperfect, perfect, pluperfect.
How to translate a potential subjunctive?
‘we might go” or “they might escape”
How to translate a primary purpose clause?
X will do something to do this.
How to translate a historic purpose clause?
X has done something to do this.
How to translate a Deliberative Question subjunctive?
What am I to do? Where should I go?
How to translate Wishes for Future subjunctive?
If only … I wish… Please be…
How are direct commands formed and how do you translate them?
Ordering word + infinitve
How are negative direct commands formed?
Using Nego or Nolli
What are Fearing Clauses?
A verb of fearing followed by an object or an infinitive.
What is important to remember in fearing?
The not and not not are confusing.
Ne = that
ut = not that
ne. non = that not.
What is required in an indirect question?
A verb of asking/thinking
Question word
Subjunctive
No question mark.
What are result clauses?
Words like ut and tam to tell what is going on.
e.g. the girls ran so fast that they made it to dinner.
What is important to spot in a result clause?
Short words starting with a t,
Or ut
Or adeo
Or ita
How to find the future subjunctive…
Look for Ur and sin/essem.
