Chapter 1 definitions Flashcards
Subdivisions of anatomy
- surface
- gross
- systemic
- regional
- developmental
- embryology
- cytology
- pathological
Surface Anatomy
study by palpating
gross anatomy
study of anatomy without microscope
systemic anatomy
study of body systems and their relationships
regional anatomy
study of body regions
developmental anatomy
study of fertilized egg through adulthood
embryology
study of developing fetus from fertilized egg to 8th week
cytology
study of tissues
pathological anatomy
examine structural changes in tissues
physiology
study of how body structures function
cell physiology
how cells function
systems physiology
how systems function
pathophysiology
study of changes of normal functioning which is caused by disease or syndrome
neurophysiology
study of nervous system function
Endocrinology
how endocrine system functions
Cardiovascular physiology
how the cardiovascular system functions
immunophysiology
how the immunological processes function
respiratory physiology
how the respiratory system functions
renal physiology
how the kidneys function
reproductive physiology
how the reproductive system functions
What distinguish living from nonliving things?
- metabolism
- responsiveness
- movement
- growth
- differentiation
- reproduction
metabolism
all chemical reactions in body
responsiveness
detect and respond to stimuli
stimulus
change in the environment
movement
motion of the body
differentiation
when cell is transformed from unspecialized cell to specialized state
What 2 systems regulate homeostasis?
- nervous
- endocrine
nervous system
detects changes and sends impulses to organs and glands
endocrine system
secretes hormones
What 2 factors do homeostasis depend on?
- excitability
- feedback systems
excitability
ability to detect + respond to changes to restore homeostasis
ICF (intracellular fluid)
fluid in body cells
ECF (extracellular fluid)
fluid outside body cells that is in constant motion
interstitial fluid, intercellular fluid, tissue fluid
EFC filling narrow spaces btwn cells or tissues
plasma
ECF in blood vessels