Chapter 1 Flashcards
complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication; socially shared and rule-governed
Language
The translation of one type of information into another
Code
The relationship between a word and its ____ is arbitrary
Referent
Concept that we are using the symbol for
Referent
What is an example of a referent?
Using a picture of a cat to represent a cat (the referent)
A group of people who use a common language
Language community
How do language communities emerge?
Geographic, sociological, economic reasons
Process of sharing information
Communication
What supports highly complex communication?
Language
How are humans unique in terms of communication?
Use language to communicate
What are some examples of cognitive processes? (5)
Reasoning, hypothesizing, memorizing, planning, problem solving
How can thoughts and ideas be communicated? (3)
Speech, manual sign system, alternative communication modes
Thoughts and ideas can be kept to oneself
Inner language
Thoughts and ideas can be written down
Written language
True or false: we can have communication without language
True
Neuromuscular process by which language is turned into a sound signal and transmitted into a receiver
Speech
Sensory system that allows speech to enter into and can be processed by the brain
Hearing
What four systems are involved in speech?
Respiration, phonation, articulation, resonation
Mental, abstract representation of speech streams
Phonemes
What does speech output require? (3)
airflow, vocal fold vibration, and oral cavity movements that are finely manipulated
Does language depend on speech?
No; examples: body language, sign language, AAC
Does speech depend on language?
No; examples: babbling,
Speech and language are ____ processes
Independent
What would speech be without language?
Series of meaningless noises
What are some advantages of speech over other modes of communication?
More efficient, commonly understood, more specific, more readily available
