chapter 1

Question 1

what is the disease characterized by deposition of fatty material in the blood vessels?

Answer 1

cardiovascular disease

Question 2

cerebrovascular accident is another name for __

Answer 2

stroke

Question 3

match calorie cost for each of the nutrients:
「10g carbohydrate, 5g fat, 4g protein」

KCAL:
「45kcal, 16kcal, 40kcal」

Answer 3

10g carbohydrate = 40kcal
5g fat = 45kcal
4g protein = 16kcal

Question 4

kilo represents how many grams?

Answer 4

1000

Question 5

1 kilogram = how many lbs?

Answer 5

2.2lbs

Question 6

A(n) ______ is a linkage between two atoms formed by the sharing of electrons.

Answer 6

bond

Question 7

what is the kilocalorie difference between 1g fat & 1g carbohydrate?

Answer 7

5 kcal

Question 8

how are the calorie estimates for carbohydrate, fat, protein, and alcohol used to determine the calorie content of a food?

Answer 8

「REMEMBER 4-9-4-7!」
carbohydrate: x gram(s) ⋅ 4 = a kcal
fat: x gram(s) ⋅ 9 = b kcal
protein: x gram(s) ⋅ 4 = c kcal
alcohol: x gram(s) ⋅ 7 = d kcal
a kcal + b kcal + c kcal + d kcal = total kcal

Question 9

how to determine what portion of total kilocalorie intake is contributed by various calorie-yielding nutrients?

Answer 9

Need to calculate sum of total kcal from carbs, fat, & protein. represented by “total”

「% of kcal as carbohydrate, “c” 」
( x ⋅ 4 ) ÷ total = answer ( ⋅ 100) = percentage.

「% of kcal as fat, “f” 」
( x ⋅ 9 ) ÷ total = answer ( ⋅ 100) = percentage

「% of kcal as protein, “p”」
( x ⋅ 4 ) ÷ total = answer ( ⋅ 100) = percentage

Question 10

what is the main function of vitamins in the body?

Answer 10

enable chemical reactions

Question 11

structurally simple, inorganic substances not containing carbon atoms?

Answer 11

minerals

Question 12

for men, binge drinking is defined as _+ drinks in a row, & _+ in a row for women.

Answer 12

5 for men ; 4 for women

Question 13

when is a nutrient considered to be essential?

Answer 13

nutrient is considered to be essential if, when left out of the diet, it leads to a decline in biological function

Question 14

categorize each nutrient as 「energy-yielding」 or 「non-energy-yielding」
protein 𐐪𐑂 vitamins 𐐪𐑂 minerals 𐐪𐑂 carbohydrate 𐐪𐑂 water 𐐪𐑂 fat

Answer 14

꧁energy-yielding꧂

protein, carbohydrate, fat

꧁non-energy-yielding꧂

vitamins, minerals, water

Question 15

good food sources of each nutrient by sorting by its appropriate nutrient category.

꧁food sources꧂
eggs, banana, rice, olive oil, butter, chicken breast

꧁nutrient꧂
carbohydrate, lipid, protein

Answer 15

CARBOHYDRATE
「banana, rice」

LIPID
「butter, olive oil」

PROTEIN
「eggs, chicken breast」

Question 16

categorize each carbohydrate as a simple sugar or complex carbohydrate:

maltose (beer), starch, fiber, lactose, fructose, sucrose

Answer 16

SIMPLE SUGARS
「lactose, sucrose, fructose, maltose」

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
「starch, fiber」

Question 17

classify each vitamin based on its solubility (fat-soluble/water-soluble)
vitamin K, vitamin C, B vitamins, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E

Answer 17

「FAT-SOLUBLE」
vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin E
「WATER-SOLUBLE」
B vitamins, vitamin C

Question 18

our bodies are made up of approximately what % of water?

Answer 18

60%

Question 19

how many cups of water should an adult female & male drink per day?

Answer 19

female: 9
male: 13

Question 20

how many cups, quarts, pints, fluid ounces, & tablespoons = 1 gallon?

Answer 20

16 cups
4 quarts
8 pints
128 fluid ounces
256 tablespoons