ch. 14 Flashcards
Of the following, which are the best choices for a lactovegetarian who is pregnant and worried about getting enough B-12?
{hard boiled eggs, fortified breakfast cereal, clam chowder, yogurt}
eggs, cereal, yoghurt
How much should pregnant women increase their calories during pregnancy?
No increase is needed during 1st trimester, but consume an additional 350 to 450 kilocalories per day during the 2nd & 3rd trimesters
What does it mean if a specific source of protein is incomplete?”
Most plant proteins are low in one or more essential amino acids.
“I always assumed I was doing a good job of meeting my nutrient needs before I got pregnant. Do some vitamin and mineral requirements change during pregnancy?”
Yes, the requirements for B vitamins—especially folate—increase during pregnancy.
“What is a good source of iron for a person following a lactoovovegetarian dietary pattern?”
Kidney beans
I realize anemia is a concern because I’m a vegetarian. How can I get the most iron out of the foods I eat?
Eat iron-rich foods along with a glass of orange juice.
“I’ve heard that too much vitamin A can cause birth defects. Should I cut back on my consumption of carrots, spinach, and sweet potatoes?”
No, it is unlikely that you would develop vitamin A toxicity from consuming provitamin A carotenoids because the conversion of carotenoids to the active form of vitamin A in the body is slow and regulated.
During pregnancy, folate requirements increase to 150% of nonpregnant needs in order to
support increased DNA synthesis.
One cup of cooked spinach supplies about 260 micrograms of folate, whereas the same volume of raw spinach supplies only 58 micrograms of folate. Why is there a difference in folate content between the same serving size of cooked versus raw spinach?
Cooking reduces the volume of leafy green vegetables, so more vegetables are in that 1 cup of cooked spinach.
Which of the following cooking methods is best for preserving the folate content of collard greens?
steaming, boiling, sauteeing w bacon, all of these are correct
steaming
Which of the following measurements is used to make weight gain recommendations during pregnancy?
Prepregnancy BMI
Choose dietary and lifestyle changes that can decrease the occurrence of PCOS.
a) daily physical activity
b) if overweight, losing 5% to 10% of body weight
c) increasing fat calories
d) choosing low glycemic-index carbohydrates
a) daily physical activity
b) if overweight, losing 5% to 10% of body weight
d) choosing low glycemic-index carbohydrates
Folate is important for fertility because of its role in
DNA synthesis
Approximately what percentage of pregnancies are planned?
50%
What is the time period for a normal pregnancy?
38-42 weeks
What are some nutritional problems experienced by infants that are born before 37 weeks’ gestation?
a) insufficient fat
b) decreased metabolic rate
c) insufficient iron & calcium stores
d) poor ability to suck & swallow
a) insufficient fat
c) insufficient iron & calcium stores
d) poor ability to suck & swallow
Criteria for a successful outcome for a baby’s birth include a ______.
a) gestation longer than 37 weeks
b) birth weight greater than 5.5 lbs
c) labor duration less than 4hrs
d) length of 29in
a) gestation longer than 37 weeks
b) birth weight greater than 5.5 lbs
The length of a normal pregnancy is 38 to 42 weeks, measured from the ______ day of the woman’s last menstrual period.
1st
Gestation is
Gestation is
Siblings born in close succession are more likely to be born with a ______ birth weight than those farther apart in age.
lower
Which of the following are considered to be important indicators of a successful pregnancy?
a) gestational period is 32wks or longer
b) mother’s physical & emotional health are protected
c) infant birth weight is greater than 5.5 lbs
b) mother’s physical & emotional health are protected
c) infant birth weight is greater than 5.5 lbs
What are some substances a woman should avoid/eliminate both in preparation and during pregnancy?
a) artificial sweeteners
b) common cold meds
c) tobacco
d) NSAIDs
e) alcohol
b) common cold meds
c) tobacco
d) NSAIDs
e) alcohol
True or false: Listeria monocytogenes is of particular concern for pregnant women because it can produce spontaneous abortion.
true
Which of the following infants is likely to be born with a low birth weight?
a) infant whose mother had poorly controlled gestational diabetes
b) an infant whose mother quit smoking before becoming pregnant
c) infant born 14mo after his older sibling
d) an infant whose mother started pregnancy w/ a BMI of 23.
c) infant born 14mo after his older sibling
Adequate folate intake at least 8 weeks prior to conception helps prevent
a) maternal obesity
b) premature birth
c) neural tube defects
b) premature birth
c) neural tube defects
A gestation period of at least ______ is one criterion for a successful pregnancy.
37
