Chapter 06 [Qs] Flashcards
Psychologist George Miller is most known for his research indicating
a. The average person uses only 10% of his or her mental capacity.
b. The stages of memory can be modeled after the computer processor.
c. An average person can hold about 7 digits in memory at any one time.
d. People can lose explicit memory but still have intact implicit memory.
c. An average person can hold about 7 digits in memory at any one time.
Which of the following best describes the nature of all Explicit memory?
a. Memory for task/ skill ability which tends to be automatic and not stated.
b. Memory of events that happened to you or occurred when you were there.
c. Temporary impressions of events quickly replaced as new events arise.
d. Clear, distinct specific memory includes both personal events and general facts.
Answer A refers to __________ memory which is suggested but not easily expressed.
c. Temporary impressions of events quickly replaced as new events arise.
[Implicit]
Your textbook relays the example used by Dr. Shacter to describe the difference between implicit and explicit memory. What was this example?
a. The woman who could not state her phone number but could dial the number.
b. The man who could recognize the person’s face but not recall the person’s name.
c. Alzheimer’s patients can recall their childhood but not what happened that morning.
d. Some people can remember all of a list others only recall the beginning and end.
a. The woman who could not state her phone number but could dial the number.
Your ability to remember that you will have a dentist’s appointment next month is an example of
a. Retrospective memory
b. Flashbulb memory
c. Prospective memory
d. Episodic memory
c. Prospective memory
To place complex information in storage psychologists suggest elaborative rehearsal which is,
a. Mentally repeat the information over and over without any changes.
b. Remember items at the beginning and at the end of a list.
c. Coding the new information by relating it to information that is already known.
d. Only remember the information that interested you and ignore the rest.
c. Coding the new information by relating it to information that is already known.
The memory contained in the sensory register is called a trace and through his research Dr. George Sperling demonstrated that the significant factor in accessing the sensory register is
a. Size of display
b. Type of input
c. Elapsed time
d. Rehearsal strategy
c. Elapsed time
Eidetic memory is the ability to
a. Ignore distractions during short term memory processing.
b. Increase available memory space through chunking information.
c. Remember only the beginning and end of an event, not the middle.
d. Retain exact mental representations of visual stimuli for an extended time.
d. Retain exact mental representations of visual stimuli for an extended time.
When trying to keep information in short term, _____________ encoding is recommended because it lasts longer so you can repeat and maintain the stimulus longer.
a. Iconic
b. Acoustic
c. Visual
d. Elaborate
b. Acoustic
In the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, the stage of Long Term memory is best described as a
a. Limited space holds information for up to a minute after trace decays.
b. Unlimited storage space where you keep your organized knowledge.
c. Holds impressions briefly, just long enough to perceive events as connected.
d. Limited memory for working used for thinking and problem solving.
b. Unlimited storage space where you keep your organized knowledge.
The average length of short term memory is?
a. 1-2 seconds
b. 5-6 seconds
c. 10-12 seconds
d. 1-2 minutes
d. 1-2 minutes
Wilma has sent Fred to the store to buy 14 different things. Fred is trying to remember these items through rehearsal and psychologists say he is likely to experience the serial position effect. This means Fred will
a. Accurately remember the first half of the list but fail to recall the second half of the list.
b. Accurately remember the last items on the list but forget the first items of the list.
c. Accurately remember beginning and end of list but make mistakes in the middle.
d. Not accurately remember any part of the list as it is longer than 7 items.
c. Accurately remember beginning and end of list but make mistakes in the middle.
The research by Lloyd and Petersen demonstrated what psychologists call memory displacement, which is when your recall is
a. Dependent on your schemas, the way you organized your memory
b. Reduced because new information causes old information to be lost.
c. Improved through making multiple connections with previously stored material
d. Reduced through grouping related stimuli into one unit of information.
b. Reduced because new information causes old information to be lost.
The inability to remember much before three years of age is called infantile amnesia and psychologists explain that such amnesia is caused by
a. Not having language which is a common form of storing information
b. Lacking a sense of self as a separate person experiencing individual events
c. Experiencing routines and failing to attend to distinctive features of events.
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Freud argued that memory was permanent but might not be recalled because of
a. Amount, the more information available the more forgetting occurred.
b. Lack of language and limited encoding strategies.
c. Interference creating confusion between past and current events.
d. Repression of experiences that caused anxiety, guilt and shame.
d. Repression of experiences that caused anxiety, guilt and shame.
If the issue is not the lack of memory but whether memories are accurate or false ____________ demonstrated that it is easy to implant false memories through leading questions.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Elizabeth Loftus
c. Ivan Pavlov
d. George Ebbinghaus
b. Elizabeth Loftus
