Chap 6 pt. 2

Question 1

Osteoclasts

Answer 1

breakdown of old bone

Question 2

Osteoblasts

Answer 2

continue to add bone, replaces cartilage with bone

Question 3

Chondrocytes in epiphyseal plate …..

Answer 3

continue to divide and grow adding length to bone

Question 4

bone develops from

Answer 4

hyaline cartilage

Question 5

longitudinally through the formation of cartilage at the …..

Answer 5

epiphyseal plate

Question 6

lateral bone is achieved by

Answer 6

osteoblasts

Question 7

Enlargement of the medullary cavity with increased bone diameter resulting from

Answer 7

appositional growth

Question 8

Bone remodelling occurs throughout

Answer 8

life

Question 9

Growth Hormone

Answer 9

from pituitary gland, promotes osteoblast activity

Question 10

Thyroid Hormone

Answer 10

stimulates cell metabolism, promotes osteoblast activity

Question 11

Calcitriol

Answer 11

produced by kidneys, absorption of Ca and PO4

Question 12

Sex Hormones

Answer 12

• estrogen and testosterone

- promote growth, cause osteoblasts to produce bone faster

Question 13

Nutrients required for bone growth

Answer 13

• Calcium
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin K and B12

Question 14

Hormonal Function

Answer 14

maintain Ca ion in blood and interstitial fluid

Question 15

2 organs monitor Ca lvls

Answer 15

parathyroid and thyroid glands

Question 16

Thyroid gland releases hormone

Answer 16

calcitonin

Question 17

Net effect of Wolff’s law

Answer 17

bones used (stressed) become stronger unstressed bones weaker

Question 18

Osteopenia

Answer 18

reduction of bone mass

Question 19

Osteopenia affects

Answer 19

vertebrae, jaws, epiphyses

Question 20

Osteoporosis

Answer 20

loss of sufficient bone mass

Question 21

2 types of bone marrow

Answer 21

red (myeloid) and yellow (fat)

Question 22

Red (myeloid)

Answer 22

found mainly in flat bones

Question 23

Hematopoietic stem cells in red bone marrow produce?

Answer 23

RBC, platelets, most WBC