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HK 190 > Chap 4 > Flashcards

Chap 4 Flashcards

1
Q

2 fundamental kinds of cells in the body

A
  • Sex Cells

- Somatic Cells

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2
Q

Types of body tissues

A

Epithelial,
Connective,
Nervous,
Muscle

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3
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A 
FORMS
-body cover (skin)
-lining of body cavities
-glandular tissue
FUNCTION
-protect
-absorb
-filter and secrete
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4
Q

Connective Tissue

A

connects and supports

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5
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

control

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6
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Movement

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7
Q

Epithelia

A
  • apical surface (exposed)
  • basal surface attached to basement membrane
  • avascular/ innervated
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8
Q

Maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissue

A
  • Intercellular connections
  • Attachment to basal lamina
  • Maintenance and repair
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9
Q

Intercellular Connections

A

epithelial cells attach to one another and extracellular fibres of basal lamina

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10
Q

A Clear layer, or lamina tissue that contains glycoproteins and a network of fine protein filaments is?

A

Basal Lamina

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11
Q

What attaches the deepest epithelial cell to basal lamina

A

hemidesmosome

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12
Q

Encircles cells and binds them to their neighbours through bands of dense transmembrane glycoproteins attached to microfilaments

A

Adhesion belt

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13
Q

Channel proteins that form a passageway and let small molecules and ions pass

A

Connexons

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14
Q

Increases the resistance of the tissue to mechanical stress

A

Desmosome

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15
Q

Cell adhesion molecules (CAM)

A

Cadherin

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16
Q
  1. Simple Squamous Epthelia
A
  • diffusion and filtration
  • forms alveoli, capillary walls and endocardium
  • lines body cavities
  • reduces friction
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17
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelia LOCATION

A
  • Mesothelia
  • Endothelia
  • alveoli in lungs
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18
Q

Substance passes through the narrow space btwn cells=

A

paracellular transport

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19
Q

substance enters cell via active or passive means =

A

transcellular transport

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20
Q
  1. Stratified Squamous Epithelia
A
  • most common
  • protection
  • lines mouth, esophagus, apical surface
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21
Q

Apical surface

A

showed skin

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22
Q
  1. Simple Cuboidal Epithelia
A
  • absorption and secretion
  • thyroid gland
  • kidney tubules
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23
Q
  1. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelia
A
  • lining of some ducts

- protection, secretion, absorption

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24
Q
  1. Transitional Epithelia
A
  • bladder

- permits recoil and expansion after stretching

25
Q
  1. Simple Columnar Epithelia
A
  • absorption and secretion
  • line digestive tract
  • contains goblet cells and mucous
26
Q
  1. Stratified Columnar Epithelia
A

-salivary gland duct

27
Q
  1. Ciliated Pseudostratified Epithelia
A
  • lines most of respiratory tract

- protection and secetion

28
Q

Exocrine Glands

A
  • merocrine
  • apocrine
  • holocrine
29
Q

What method of secretion does a mucous cell use?

A

Merocrine

30
Q

Sweat glands =

A

eccrine

31
Q

Armpits =

A

apocrine

32
Q

What method of secretion does a eccrine sweat gland use?

A

merocrine

33
Q

Connective Tissue (CT) consists of

A
  • Cells
  • Extracellular matrix : bulk of CT
  • tissue fluid
  • loose and dense
34
Q

Connective Tissue function

A
  • bind
  • protect
  • store and insulate
  • transport
35
Q

Can connective tissue be avascular and vascular?

A

yes

36
Q
  1. Loose: Areolar Tissue
A

forms basement membrane

-btwn skin and muscle

37
Q

: Adipose tissue

A

deep to skin

-padding, insulates

38
Q

: Reticular Tissue

A
  • liver, kidney, spleen

- supporting framework

39
Q

Dense: Regular CT

A

forms ligaments and tendons

40
Q

: Irregular CT

A

dermis of skin

41
Q

: Elastic

A

elastic ligaments

42
Q
  1. Fluid Connective tissue
A

Blood and lymph

43
Q
  1. Supporting Connective tissue
A

Cartilage and bone

  • synovial joints
  • 2/3 of matrix = calcium salts, rest is collagen fibres
44
Q

:Cartilage

A
  • condrocytes

- avascular

45
Q

:Bone

A

hard matrix

  • vascularized
  • hematopoiesis
46
Q

bone cells are called

A

osteoblasts

47
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A
  • synovial joint
  • larynx
  • stiff/ flexible support
  • reduces friction
48
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A
  • ear

- support

49
Q

Fibrous Cartilage

A

knee joint pads

-prevents bone-bone contact

50
Q

What is found around the perimeter of all 3 cartilage

A

perichondrium

51
Q

4 types of membranes

A
  • Mucous
  • Serous
  • Cutaneous
  • Synovial
52
Q

CT layers and wrappings that support and surrounding organs

A

Fasciae

53
Q

Nervous Tissue

A
  • neurons and glial cells

- excitable

54
Q

Muscle Tissue

A
  • contractile tissues
  • excitable tissue
  • called muscle because of shape
  • Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
55
Q

Cutaneous Membrane

A

Epidermis and Dermis, and Hypodermis

56
Q

Epidermis

A
  • stratified squamous epithelial
  • tough/ protective
  • relys on dermis for nutrients
57
Q

Dermis

A
  • contains dense irregular connective tissue

- contains sweat glands na dsensory receptors

58
Q

Hypodermis

A
  • contains adipose tissue

- anchors skin to underlaying structures

HK 190 (12 decks)

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