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HK 190 > Chap 12 > Flashcards

Chap 12 Flashcards

1
Q

3 main functions of NS

A
  • sensory input
  • integration
  • motor output
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2
Q

2 main cell types that make up nervous tissue

A

neurons and supporting tissue

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3
Q

Receptors (sensory input)

A

stimulate sensory neuron to send to signal to spinal cord

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4
Q

This signal (integration)

A

recieved by interneuron which conveys signal to motor neuron

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5
Q

The Motor Neuron (motor output)

A

send signal to muscle or gland

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6
Q

Cervical Enlargement supplies nerves to

A

shoulder and upper limb

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7
Q

Lumbar Enlargement supplies nerves to

A

lower ribs

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8
Q

spinal cord grows until age ?

A

4

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9
Q

Bone and vertebrae

A

protects back

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10
Q

Within vertebral canal

A

3 layers of spinal meninges

  • Pia mater
  • Arachnoid Mater
  • Dura Mater
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11
Q

Pia mater

A

“gentle mother”

-clings to surface of spinal cord and blood vessels

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12
Q

Arachnoid trabeculae

A

loose covering

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13
Q

Arachnoid membrane

A

simple squamous epithelia next to dura mater

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14
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

deep to the arachnoid mater

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15
Q

Dura mater

A

“tough mother”

-dense collagen fibres

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16
Q

Gray commissures contain

A

Axons that cross from one side of the cord to the other

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17
Q

Anterior Horn

A

cell bodies of somatic motor neurons

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18
Q

Lateral Horn

A

cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons

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19
Q

Posterior Horn

A

cell bodies of interneurons

20
Q

Dorsal Root Ganglion

A

a collection of cell bodies for the incoming sensory neurons

21
Q

White matter is divided into 3 columns

A
  • Posterior
  • Lateral
  • Anterior
22
Q

Posterior Column

A

contains ascending tracts

23
Q

lateral Column

A

contains both ascending and descending tracts

24
Q

Anterior Column

A

contains both ascending and descending tracts

25
Q

3 layers of CT in spianl nerves

A
  1. Epineurium
  2. Perineurium
  3. Endoneurium
26
Q

Endoneurium wraps

A

axon

27
Q

Perineurium wraps

A

axons bundled up called fascicles

28
Q

Epineurium wraps

A

fascicle groups

29
Q

Dermatome is a specific region of ___ monitored by a single pair of spinal nerves

A

skin

30
Q

Myotome is a specific region of ___ monitored by a single pair of spinal nerves

A

Muscle

31
Q

Clinical Significance

A

location of loss of sensation or motor control can help locate area of damage

32
Q

spinal nerve branches to form the

A

dorsal ramus and ventral ramus

33
Q

ventral rami form 4 extensively branched complexes called

A

plexuses

34
Q

plexuses from..

A
  • 2 from cervical region (cervical and brachial plexuses)
  • 1 from lumbar
  • 1 from sacral
35
Q

Spinal nerves branch and some interwine to form complex networks =

A

plexuses

36
Q

Brachial Plexus innervates

A

pectoral girdle and upper limb

37
Q

Cervical Plexus innervates

A

neck and diaphragm

38
Q

Lumar and Sacral plexus innervate

A

pelvic girlde and lower limb

39
Q

Neural pools

A

functional groups of interconnected neurons

40
Q

Divergence

A

spreads stimulations

-ex. visual info ditributed to diff parts of brain

41
Q

Convergence

A

provides input

-ex. breath control

42
Q

Serial processing

A

neurons or pools work sequentially

-

43
Q

Parallel processing

A

neurons or pools process info simultabeously

-ex. pain in foot

44
Q

Reverberation

A

to function until synaptic fatigue or inhibitory stimuli

-ex. normal breathing

45
Q

Reflex responeses

A

automatically

46
Q

Facilitation

A

not automatically

47
Q

Excessive tension in tendon stimulates

A

inhibition of motor neuron- prevents damage to tendon

HK 190 (12 decks)

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