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HK 190 > Chap 5 > Flashcards

Chap 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary System consists of

A
  • cutaneous membrane

- accessory membrane

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2
Q

Cutaneous membrane =

A

skin

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3
Q

Accesory membrane =

A

hair, nails

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4
Q

EPIDERMIS

A
  • stratified squamous epithelium
  • main cell type = keratinocytes
  • hemidesmosomes to basal lamina
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5
Q

Thin skin =

A

4 layers of keratinocytes

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6
Q

Thick skin =

A

5 layes of keratinocytes

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7
Q

Epidermal layers - superficial to deep

A
  • Stratum Corneum
  • Stratum Lucidium
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale (germinativum)
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8
Q

Stratum Corneum

A
  • “horn”
  • dead cells tightly interconnected by desomosomes
  • water resistant
  • 15-30 layers of keratinocytes
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9
Q

Stratum Lucidium

A
  • “clear”
  • thick skin only
  • acked with keratin and devoid of organelles
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10
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A
  • “grainy”
  • large amounts of protein keratin and keratohylain
  • 3-5 layers of keratinocytes
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11
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A
  • “spiny”
  • 8-10 layers of keratinocytes
  • includes Langerhans (dendritic) cells
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12
Q

Stratum Basale (Germinativum)

A
  • anchored to basal lamina

- epidermal ridges which interlock with dermal papillae

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13
Q

Melanin packages into vesicles =

A

melanosomes

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14
Q

Breakdown of melanosomes =

A

light skinned

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15
Q

Breakdown in stratum granulosum

A

dark skinned

niggers

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16
Q

Orange/ yellow pigament

A

carotene

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17
Q

Yellow/ brown pigament

A

Melanin

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18
Q

Melanocytes in stratum basale =

A

skin colour

19
Q

Function of Melanin

A

protection from effects of UV radiation

20
Q

What produces hair colour?

A

Melanin

21
Q

Cyanosis

A

-low blood flow

22
Q

DERMIS – 2 layers

A
  • Papillary layer

- recticular layer

23
Q

Papillary layer

A
  • areolar tissue

- dermal papillae = folds on surface

24
Q

Reticular layer

A
  • dense irregular tissue

- collagen and elastic fibres

25
Q

collagen =

A

very strong, resists stretching

26
Q

elastic fibres =

A

stretchy

27
Q

Nerve cells regulate to:

A
  • blood flow
  • secretion rates
  • moniter sensory receptors
28
Q

Sensory Receptors respond to:

A
  • light touch
  • deep pressure
  • vibration
  • chemicals
  • temp
29
Q

HYPODERMIS - tissue types

A

-areolar and adipose tissue

30
Q

Functions

A
  • elasticity
  • reduce heat loss
  • energy reserve
  • blood reservoir
31
Q

HAIR

A
  • insulates
  • protects
  • detects movement
  • arrector pili
32
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

secrete oil through holocrine secretion
-2 types:
_ simple branched alveolar glands
_ sebaceous follicles

33
Q

simple branched alveolar glands

A

share duct with hair follicle

34
Q

sebaceous follicles

A

not associated with hair follicles

35
Q

Sebaceous glands functions

A
  • inhibits bacterial growth

- lubs and protects keratinized cells (hair and skin)

36
Q

Sweat glands =

A

sudiriferous glands

37
Q

Merocrine sweat glands

A

-controlled by theromoreglutatory and emotional center
-Function:
_cooling
_excrete water
_flushes

38
Q

Apocrine sweat glands

A
  • includes cermuninous and mammary glands

- odour

39
Q

_____ cells are contractile cells that squeeze the gland

A

Myoepithelial

40
Q

Ceruminous glands (modified apocrine sweat gland)

A
  • secretion: cerumen = ear wax

- protects ear drum by trapping foreign particles

41
Q

Skin Cancer types

A
  • basal carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carinoma
  • Melanoma
42
Q

Basal Carcinoma

A
  • least dangerous, most common

- stratum basale

43
Q

Squamous cell carinoma

A

-stratum spinosum

44
Q

Melanoma

A

-least common, most dangerous
-Characteristics:
_Asymmetry
_Border
_Colour
_Diameter

HK 190 (12 decks)

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