Chap 6 - Drug Testing Flashcards
Define immunity?
Memory cells that remember what antibodies are needed to destroy certain foreign pathogen
Why do vaccines inject the pathogen inside of you?
It is dead or inactive and make sure it doesn’t infect you
What is the second stage of a vaccination process?
WBC release complimentary antibodies to specific antigen which are produced by the immune system
Which stage does phagocytosis occur?
Stage 4 once the specified antigen has been targeted/located
Define herd immunity?
Resistance to spread of an infectious disease with a population that is based on pre-existing immunity of a high proportion of individuals as a result as previous infection of vaccination
Name 3 people who can’t be vaccinated?
Newborn babies, elderly people given immune system is weaker, cancer patients
Give 2 advantages of a vaccination?
Don’t die of a fatal disease, protects vulnerable people
Give 2 disadvantages of a vaccination?
Ethics against animal testing, allergic reaction
What does MMR stand for?
Measles, mumps and rubella
Who investigated MMR?
Dr Andrew Wakefield
Why is chicken pox not vaccinated against?
It is not fatal
Name 2 drugs?
Penicillin, opium poppies
What do antibiotics do?
Kill bacteria
How do antibiotics kill bacteria?
Weaken cell wall making bacteria more susceptible to bursting
Why do antibiotics not work sometimes?
Because bacteria might mutate to that certain antibiotic
Why do antibiotics not affect our own cells or virus cells?
Because they don’t have cell walls
What does TED stand for?
Toxicity (poisonous), Efficacy (effectiveness) and Dosage (amount)
Define placebo?
Looks exactly like the real treatment but has no drug in it
What is a double blind trial?
Where neither patient or doctor know whether the patient is in control group or not
What is the control group?
Group of people in a drug trial who are not given the new drug
