Chap 5 - Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What are the 4 main types of disease?
Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi + Moles and Protists (single celled parasites)
What is the typical size of a virus?
20-800 nanometers
What diseases do bacteria contain?
Food poisoning, STI’s, ear infections
Which are eukaryotic cells?
Fungi + Molds, Protists
What diseases do protists carry?
Malaria, dysentry
How do you grow microbes?
Glucose and amino acids to make energy and proteins for growth, warmth for enzymes t work more efficiently for reproduction, water so cells do not dry out, oxygen
What is oxygen used for when growing microbes?
So mitochondria can carry out aerobic respiration and release energy for cell reactions
What apparatus is used when growing microbes?
Agar plate
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary fission
What are the 4 stages of bacteria reproduction?
Bacteria ready to divide, DNA replicates, DNA copies operate one to each side of cell, cell membrane and cell wall divide along with cytoplasm
Is bacteria replicated by mitosis?
No
What is the main reason we feel ill?
Toxins
How are viruses replicated?
Virus approaches cell, DNA enters cell and replicates several times, protein coat is added and virus begins dying, new viruses burst out destroying out of cell
What are 6 symptoms of illness?
Sickness + Cough + Temperature + Fatigue + Blocked nose + Headache + Inflammation
Name the 5 methods of transmission?
Vector, Contamination, Airborne droplets, Direct touch, Bodily fluids
How do you prevent vector transmission?
Insect repellent, cover up with clothes and have wire screens
Who is the ‘father of hygiene’?
Ignazz Semmelweis
Define hygiene?
Keeping things clean by killing pathogens
What did Ignazz Semmelweis observe?
Women giving birth both with doctors and midwives
Why do pathogens want us?
Our boys are the IDEAL INCUBATORS
How do our eyes act as both a physical and chemical barrier against pathogens?
Eyelashes and tears have chemical in them to kill pathogens
Name 2 other barriers preventing risk of pathogens entering our body?
Nose produces mucus to trap microbes, skin stops microbes getting in
What is the second line of defence?
Phagocytosis
What do phagocytes do?
Engulf and then digest pathogens using enzymes
What is the second type of WBC produced to produce specific antibodies?
Lymphocyte
What is the order of disinfectant efficiency?
Detail, Milton, Hand sanitiser, water
Name 3 type of virus?
Measles, HIV/AIDS, Tobacco Mosaic
Name 3 types of bacteria?
Salmonella, plant galls, gonorrhoea
Name 2 types of fungus?
Athletes foot, rose black spot
Name a type of protist disease?
Malaria
