Chap 44 Flashcards
Done nomogram
A standard data graph, originally published in 1960 in the journal Pediatrics for rating the severity of aspirin toxicity following overdose. Serum salicylate levels are plotted against time elapsed since ingestion
Gout
Hyperuricemia (elevated blood uric acid level); the arthritis caused by tissue buildup of uric acid crystals
Inflammation
A localized protective response stimulated by injury to tissues that serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off (sequester) both the injurious agent and the injured tissue
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
A large and chemically diverse group of drugs that possess analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic (fever-reducing) activity
Salicylism
The syndrome of salicylate toxicity, including symptoms such as tinnitus (ringing sound in the ears), nausea and vomiting
Allopurinol
Relief of gout by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, preventing uric acid production
Aspirin
Used to treat pain associated with HA, neuralgia, myalgia, and arthralgia, and inflammation. Also, used prophylactically for pt’s at risk for CAD and stroke
Aspirin special contraindication
Contraindicated in children with flulike symptoms, because the use of these drugs has been strongly associated with Reye’s syndrome
Celecoxib
TX of osteoarthritis, RA, acute pain sx, ankylosing spondylitis, and primary dysmenorrhea. Not to be used in patients with sulfa allergy
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which thereby prevents uric acid production
Antigout drug
Aspirin Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both
Relieve pain, headache and inflammation by blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1: promotes the synthesis of prostaglandins & COX-2: promotes synthesis of prostaglandins that are involved in inflammatory process, beneficial antiinflammatory effects with reduced prevalence of adverse effects)
Inhibition of platelet aggregation (antiplatelet activity): irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 receptors within the platelets themselves
Salicylate
Celecoxib (Celebrex) Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both
Relieve pain, headache and inflammation by blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-2: promotes synthesis of prostaglandins that are involved in inflammatory process, beneficial antiinflammatory effects with reduced prevalence of adverse effects)
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitor
Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both
Relieve pain, headache and inflammation by blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1: promotes the synthesis of prostaglandins & COX-2: promotes synthesis of prostaglandins that are involved in inflammatory process, beneficial antiinflammatory effects with reduced prevalence of adverse effects)
Propionic acid derivative
Indomethacin Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both
Relieve pain, headache and inflammation by blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1: promotes the synthesis of prostaglandins & COX-2: promotes synthesis of prostaglandins that are involved in inflammatory process, beneficial antiinflammatory effects with reduced prevalence of adverse effects)
Acetic acid derivative
Ketorolac (Toradol) Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of the leukotriene pathway, the prostaglandin pathway or both
Relieve pain, headache and inflammation by blocking the chemical activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1: promotes the synthesis of prostaglandins & COX-2: promotes synthesis of prostaglandins that are involved in inflammatory process, beneficial antiinflammatory effects with reduced prevalence of adverse effects)
Acetic acid derivative- Some antiinflammatory activity, powerful analgesic effects
