Chap 41

Question 1

Aerobic

Answer 1

Requiring oxygen for the maintenance of life

Question 2

Antitubercular drugs

Answer 2

Drugs used to treat infections caused by Mycobacterium bacterial species

Question 3

Bacillus

Answer 3

A rod shaped bacterium

Question 4

Granulomas

Answer 4

Small nodular aggregations of inflammatory cells (e.g., macrophages, lymphocytes); usually characterized by clearly delimited boundaries, as found in tuberculosis

Question 5

Isoniazid

Answer 5

The primary and most commonly prescribed tuberculostatis drug

Question 6

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)

Answer 6

Tuberculosis that demonstrates resistance to two or more drugs

Question 7

Slow acetylator

Answer 7

An individual with a genetic defect that causes a deficiency in the enzyme needed to metabolize isoniazid, the most widely used tuberculosis drug

Question 8

Tubercle

Answer 8

The characteristic lesion of tuberculosis; a small round gray translucent granulomatous lesion, usually with a caseated (cheesy) consistency in its interior

Question 9

Tubercle bacilli

Answer 9

Another common name for rod-shaped tuberculosis bacteria; essentially synonymous with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 10

Tuberculosis (TB)

Answer 10

Any infectious disease caused by species of Mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis (adjectives: tuberculous, tubercular)

Question 11

Isoniazid (INH) Mechanism of Action

Answer 11

Act on the MTB by inhibit the synthesis of wall components (partly)
Taken up by mycobacterial cells & undergoes hydrolysis to isonicotinic acid, which reacts with cofactor NAD to form a defective NAD that is no longer active as a coenzyme for certain life sustaining reactions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism