Chap 48

Question 1

Autoimmune Diseases

Answer 1

A large group of diseases characterized by the alteration of the function of the immune system so that the immune response is directed against normal tissue(s) of the body, which results in pathologic conditions

Question 2

Grafts

Answer 2

The term used for transplanted tissues or organs

Question 3

Immune Mediated Diseases

Answer 3

A large group of diseases that result when the cells of the immune system react to a variety of situations, such as transplanted organ tissue or drug-altered cells

Question 4

Immunosuppressants

Answer 4

Drugs that decrease or prevent an immune response

Question 5

Immunosuppressive Therapy

Answer 5

A drug treatment used to suppress the immune system

Question 6

Azathioprine (Imuran) Mechanism of Action

Answer 6

Blocks T-cell proliferation by inhibiting purine synthesis, which in turn prevents synthesis of T-cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), RNA and proteins and thereby blocking immune response
Antimetabolite
Prevent organ rejection in kidney transplant

Question 7

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Mechanism of Action

Answer 7

Inhibits activation of T cells by blocking the production and release of the cytokine mediator IL-2
Calcineurin inhibitor
Prevent organ rejection in kidney, liver, heart transplant

Question 8

Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) Mechanism of Action

Answer 8

Binds to CD3 glycoprotein on T-cell receptors, which blocks antigen recognition and reverses graft rejection that is already in progress
Antimetabolite
Treat acute organ rejection in kidney, liver and heart transplant

Question 9

Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept) Mechanism of Action

Answer 9

Prevents proliferation of T cells by inhibiting intracellular purine synthesis
Prevent organ rejection in kidney, liver, heart transplant