Chap 14 (exam 2)

Question 1

Status epilepticus is considered a life-threatening medical ____.

Answer 1

Emergency

Question 2

A type of epilepsy with an unknown cause

Answer 2

Primary

Question 3

A potential adverse effect of valproic acid

Answer 3

Hepatotoxicity

Question 4

A brief episode of abnormal electrical activity in the nerve cells of the brain

Answer 4

Seizure

Question 5

Intravenously administered antiepileptic drugs are given ___ to avoid serious adverse effects.

Answer 5

Slowly

Question 6

A type of epilepsy with a distinct cause

Answer 6

Secondary

Question 7

An involuntary spasmodic contraction of voluntary muscles throughout the body

Answer 7

Convulsion

Question 8

This class of drugs is one of the first-line drugs used to treat status epilepticus

Answer 8

Benzodiazepines

Question 9

Another term for a type of epilepsy with an unknown cause

Answer 9

Idiopathic

Question 10

A barbiturate used primarily to control tonic-clonic and partial seizures

Answer 10

Phenobarbital

Question 11

The metabolic process that occurs when the metabolism of a drug increases over time, which leads to lower-than-expected drug concentrations

Answer 11

Autoinduction

Question 12

Recurrent episodes of convulsive seizures

Answer 12

Epilepsy

Question 13

Generic name of a first-line antiepileptic drug, which can cause gingival hyperplasia with long-term use

Answer 13

Phenytoin

Question 14

A patient has been taking antiepileptic drugs for a year. The nurse is reviewing his recent history and will monitor for which condition that may develop during this time?
Loss of appetite
Jaundice
Weight loss
Suicidal thoughts or behaviors

Answer 14

Suicidal thoughts or behavior

Question 15

A patient is experiencing a seizure that has lasted for several minutes and he has not regained consciousness. The nurse recognizes that this is a life-threatening emergency known as:
Status epilepticus
Tonic-clonic convulsion
Epilepsy
Secondary epilepsy

Answer 15

Status epilepticus

Question 16

The nurse is giving an intravenous dose of phenytoin (Dilantin). Which guidelines will the nurse follow for administration? Select all that apply:
Inject phenytoin quickly
Inject phenytoin slowly
The injection of phenytoin is followed by an injection of sterile saline
Do not infuse phenytoin continuously
Mix the phenytoin with D5W (5% dextrose and water) for the infusion

Answer 16

Inject phenytoin slowly
The injection of phenytoin is followed by an injection of sterile saline
Do not infuse phenytoin continuously

Question 17

The nurse is administering phenobarbital (Luminal) and will monitor the patient for which possible adverse effect?
Constipation
Gingival hyperplasia
Drowsiness
Dysrhythmias

Answer 17

Drowsiness

Question 18

A patient has been admitted to the emergency department with status epilepticus. The nurse knows that which of these drugs is considered the drug of choice for this condition?
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Diazepam (Valium)
Valproic acid
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 18

Diazepam (Valium)

Question 19

A patient who is experiencing neuropathic pain tells the nurse that the physician is going to start him on a new medication that is generally used to treat seizures. The nurse anticipates that which drug will be ordered?
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Tiagabine (Gabitril)

Answer 19

Gabapentin (Neurontin)

Question 20

Phenytoin (Dilantin) is prescribed for a patient. The nurse checks the patient's current list of medications and notes that interactions may occur with which drug or drug classes? Select all that apply:
Proton pump inhibitors
Warfarin (coumadin)
Sulfonamide antibiotics
Corticosteroids
Oral contraceptives

Answer 20

Proton pump inhibitors
Warfarin (coumadin)
Sulfonamide antibiotics