Chap 3 (Cell Metabolism)

Question 1

Define Metabolism

Answer 1

The sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living organised substance is produced and maintained (anabolism) and also the transformation by which energy is made available for the uses of the organism (catabolism)

Question 2

The set of reactions involved in energy storage and use (energy exchange) is called

Answer 2

energy metabolism

Question 3

What is catabolic reaction? Give one example

Answer 3

It is a breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones. breakdown of proteins into Amino acids.

Question 4

What is a Anabolic reaction? Give an example.

Answer 4

Involves production of larger molecules from smaller ones. Synthesis of proteins from amino acids.

Question 5

During a reaction, what are the substances in the middle of the reaction called.

Answer 5

Intermediates.

Question 6

When you eat a meal containing protein, what type of reaction occurs?

Answer 6

Catabolic reaciton, breaks down into amino acids so it can be easily absorbed into the blood.

Question 7

What does hydrolysis mean? What occurs here.

Answer 7

“splitting with water.” Water reacts with molecules causing breakage of the bonds that link a molecule together.

Question 8

The splitting of a disaccharide into two monosacharides is an example of what ?

Answer 8

Hydrolysis.

Question 9

What happens during hydrolysis of sucrose?

Answer 9

Sucrose+H2O—>Glucose+fructose

Question 10

What is the reverse of hydrolysis? Explain.

Answer 10

Condensation. Involves the joining of two or more smaller molecules to form a larger one.

Question 11

General Equation for hydrolysis.

Answer 11

A-B + H2O –> A-OH + H-B

Question 12

General equation for condensation.

Answer 12

A-OH + H-B –> A-B + H2O

Question 13

What is phosphorylation? General Equation.

Answer 13

Addition of a phosphate group during a reaction. A + Pi –> A-P

Question 14

Give equation for ADP to ATP. Given the products, what else can be said about this reaction?

Answer 14

ADP+Pi–>ATP+H20. It is also a condensation due to the fact it produces water.

Question 15

What is dephosphorylation? General Equation.

Answer 15

Removal of phosphate group during a reaction. A-P –> A + Pi.

Question 16

Give equation for ATP to ADP. What else can be said about the equation given the reaction.

Answer 16

ATP+H20 – ADP + Pi. It is hydrolysis due to the fact water was used to split.

Question 17

Define oxidation

Answer 17

Removal of electrons from atom

Question 18

Define Reduction

Answer 18

Addition of electron to atom

Question 19

What is primary mechanism for synthesizing ATP in our cells

Answer 19

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 20

What occurs during oxidative phosphorylation. What else can occur?

Answer 20

Electrons are removed from pairs of hydrogen atoms, causing these atoms to become positively charged hydrogen ions. The reverse. That is electrons combine with hydrogen ions to form uncharged hydrogen atoms.

Question 21

Metabolic reactions provide us with

Answer 21

Energy

Question 22

What is Kinetic energy? Includes what?

Answer 22

Associated with motion. Includes thermal energy, radiant or electromagnetic energy and electrical energy.(Energy of motion)

Question 23

What is potential energy?

Answer 23

Store energy that can be converted to kinetic E.

Question 24

Where do molecules have potential energy

Answer 24

In nucleus, and in bonds.

Question 25

What does first law of thermodynamics state

Answer 25

That energy in a closed system is constant. Cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 26

Energy releasing reaction is also called? Give example

Answer 26

Exergonic or Catabolic. Combustion of gasoline.

Question 27

Reaction requiring energy is called? Give example

Answer 27

endogonic or Anabolic. Synthesis of proteins

Question 28

When talking about energy change in a reaction, which energy type are we speaking of

Answer 28

Potential