Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What does CNS consist of

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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2
Q

What is the function of the CNS?

A

Integration, processing and coordinating sensory data and motor commands
- Seat of higher intellectual processes and memory
Control center to provide feedback on stimulus (thermoregulation)

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3
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system? What does it do?

A

All neural tissue outside the CNS. Carries sensory from sensors and motor signals to effectors via nerve fibers or axons.

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4
Q

What are the three types of nerve fibers?

A
  1. Peripheral nerves- connected to blood vessels and connective tissue.
  2. Cranial nerves- attached to brain or brain stem.
  3. Spinal nerves are attached to the spinal cord
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5
Q

What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Afferent and efferent

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6
Q

What does the afferent division do?

A

Carries sensory information from receptors in the periphery to CNS

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7
Q

What is a transducer?

A

A receptor, located in different muscles and organs

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8
Q

What does a transducer do?

A

a transducer changes its state (depolarization) when stimulated by a stimulus (ex: cold on the skin)

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9
Q

What does the efferent division do?

A

Carries motor commands from CNS to effectors (organs or tissues)

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10
Q

Two components of the efferent division

A

Somatic nervous system, and autonomic nervous system

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11
Q

What does somatic nervous system do?

A

Controls skeletal muscle contractions

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12
Q

Somatic is either what or what?

A

VOluntary and involuntary, conscious or subconscious

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13
Q

What does the Autonomic nervous system do

A

provides autonomic involuntary regulation

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14
Q

What are the two subcomponents of ANS

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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15
Q

Sensory neuron is attached to what

A

the afferent division of the PNS

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16
Q

Motor neuron is attached to what?

A

Efferent division of PNS

17
Q

ANS has visceral motor neurons that end in what, from this info is relayed to what

A

ganglia, skeletal muscle effectors

18
Q

What does soma mean

19
Q

What gives it grey color

A

nissl bodies

20
Q

What are nissl bodies?

A

cluster of ribosomes and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum that stain dark

21
Q

what is an axoplasm?

A

Cytoplasm of the axon that contains mitochrondria, neurofibrils, and microtubules

22
Q

What is cell membrane of the axon called?

23
Q

What are collaterals?

A

branches of axon along its length

24
Q

What is telodendira

A

end in synaptic terminals and allows communication between neurons and other tissues

25
What is synapse?
site of intercellular communication presynaptic has synaptic terminal and synaptic vesicles sends message post synaptic receives messages message transmitted with a neurotransmitter
26
Waht is Neuron function?
Can synapse to a muscle, gland, or to a neuron
27
When a neuron synapses with another neuron synaptic terminal what is it called?
synaptic knob
28
what are the four neuron classifications and characteristics of each
Anaxonic small, function poorly understood Bipolar long dendrite with long axon; special senses Unipolar continuous dendrite with axon; sensory neuron (PNS). Can reach up to 1 meter in length Multipolar several dendrites, single axon; most common in CNS (ex: motor neuron)