Chap 16 Notes Flashcards
What were main characteristics of each Muslim empire and in what ways did they resember each other
- Conquesr neighboring people
- formed strong armies using rifles and artillery
- Islamic and ruled by muslim leaders with organized government made of local bureaucrats. Autocratic, harem politics for women
- Blended their culture with neighboring societies to create a high point of Islamic culture
How was Muslim empire distinct from European counterparts?
Islamic religion
When was Ottoman empire?
1300-1922
Describe Ottoman empire
Tukish provisional governors drove out landlords and collected taxes from local slave peasants
How did Ottomans expand their territory?
Used muskets and cannons to form a powerful army
Who were Janissaries?
slaves were trained to be loyal to the government and protect the palace
What is Devshirme?
recruitment of children
recruit officials based on merit
When did the Ottomans atttack Constantinople and conquesr the Byzantine Empire?
1453
What happened as the Ottomans conquesred the Byzantine Empire?
done/led by Mehmet II
fought until 1481 and expanded into Europe
When did Ottomans expand in the Middle East, Northern Africa, and Eastern Europe?
late 1600s
Who did the Turks defeat in Persia?
Safavids (sp)
When did Cairo fall?
1517
Turks administered through local rulers known as
pashas (sp)
Along which coast did the Turkish armies and fleets advance?
African
Ottoman rulers were called and had how much authority
Sultan
governed with absolute power
Under whom did the Ottomans attack Eastern Europe and the empire reached its height?
Suleyman the Magnificent (1520)
Four facts of Turkish expansion in Europe
- Advanced up the Danube with victory of the Hungarians at Mohacs
- Extended into the western Mediterranean with Spanish destroying Turkish fleet at Lepanto in 1683 ending expansion
- resumed offensive and advanced to gates of Vienna only to be repulsed by coalition of European forces
- would never threaten Europe again
The Ottomans were _____ Muslim
Sunni
The Safavids believed in ___ Islam and strictly converted whom
Shia
people they conquered
Where was Safavid Empire?
Persia
Persian word for king
shah
Rulers in Persia were called?
shahs
Where is Persia
modern day Iran
What did the Shahs have?
powerful gunpowder and army