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pharmacology > chap 12 gastro drugs > Flashcards

chap 12 gastro drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what drug affects the stomach lining and causes bleeding

A

salicylates(aspirin)

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2
Q

group of acid-peptic disorders of the upper gi tract, primarily the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

A

peptic ulcer disease (pud)

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3
Q

ulcer in the stomach

A

gastric ulcer

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4
Q

ulcer in the duodenum; more common gastric ulcer

A

duodenal ulcer

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5
Q

what bacteria causes peptic ulcers- increases inflammation in the mucosal lining of the gi; causes peptic ulcers

A

h. pylori

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6
Q

most common chronic conditions of upper gi tract; acid reflux backing up of gastric contents from the stomach into esophagus

A

gerd

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7
Q

what is most common complaint or symptom of gerd

A

heartburn, but also epigastric pain(pain in and around stomach area)

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8
Q

does h. pylori increase the risk of gerd

A

no

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9
Q

what are some risk factors for gerd

A

alcohol smoking spicy foods medications(aspirin and nsaids, ccb, dronate, tetracycline)

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10
Q

for symptomatic relief of gastric pain, especially heart burn; will not really promote healing of ulcers

A

antacids

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11
Q

for symptomatic relief of pain and to promote healing of the ulcer

A

antihistamines(h2 receptor antagonists)

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12
Q

four drugs that help with gerd and peptic ulcers

A

antacids, antihistamines(h2), proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics

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13
Q

quick pain relief and accelerated healing of ulcer

A

proton pump inhibitors

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14
Q

eradicate the h pylori infection

A

antibiotics

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15
Q

neutralizes gastric acid juices secreted in stomach by increasing the pH of gastric secretions; primarily used for heartburn; only bismuth is recommended for duodenal ulcers

A

antacids

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16
Q

what are some antacids

A

calcium carbonate(tums, maalox), bismuth subsalicylate(pepto bismol),magnesium hydroxide(milk of magnesia)

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17
Q

all the antacids help with gerd and ulcers, only relieve___

A

symptoms

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18
Q

ulcers because shown to be effective against h pylori

A

pepto bismol

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19
Q

selectively blocks histamine receptor

A

h2 receptor antagonists

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20
Q

most common h2 antagonists

A

tagamet and zantac

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21
Q

ends in tidine

A

h2 receptor antagonists

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22
Q

all proton pump inhibitors end in

A

prazole

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23
Q

prilosec(omeprazole), prevacid(lansoprazole), nexium(esomeprazole, Rabeprazole aciphex

A

proton pump inhibitors

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24
Q

reduce formation and production of the hcl cells in the stomach lining

A

proton pump inhibitors

25
Q

treatment of dyspepia(indigestion or heartburn) and to a lesser extent as adjunctive therapy for duodenal ulcers; neutralize acids in stomach; not primary or sole drug of choice for treatment; DO NOT HEAL ULCERS

A

antacids

26
Q

what is the only antacid that is used in treatment of pud

A

bismuth subsalicylate (pepto bismol)

27
Q

functions to suppress h pylori infection by imhibiting bacterial adherence to mucosal cells and damage to bacterial cell walls

A

bismuth subsalicylate

28
Q

recommended that it be used in conjunction with antibiotics

A

bismuth subsalicylate

29
Q

what is the antacid of choice in the treatment and maintenance of pud

A

bismuth

30
Q

with antacids you need to watch out for ____ hyperacidity

A

rebound

31
Q

how long does effects of antacids lasts

A

30 min; longer if taken after meals and at bedtime

32
Q

how often should antacids be taken

A

every two to four hours

33
Q

what are substances found in antacids responsible for neutralizing the acids

A

sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, bismuth, magnesium salts

34
Q

contains sodium; absorbed into general circulation; alka seltzer

A

sodium bicarbonate

35
Q

tums, not absorbed, rebound acid secretion

A

calcium carbonate

36
Q

most common, maalox

A

magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide

37
Q

supress h pylori infection; used in combination with antibiotics, antacid of choice in treatment and maintenance of pud; suppress, does not get rid of h pylori

A

bismuth subsalicylate; pepto bismol

38
Q

can you take antacids together with tetracycline antibiotics

A

no; take on to two hours before or after

39
Q

inhibit release of gastric acid by blocking the action of histamine on the h2 receptor located on parietal cell in stomach

A

antihistamines h2 antagonists

40
Q

effective in healing ulcers in 6 t 12 weeks

A

h2 antagonists

41
Q

what are the four h2 receptor antagonists

A

cimetidine(tagamet)
ranitidine(zantac)
famotidine(pepcid)
nizatidine(axid)

42
Q

indicated for the symptomatic relief and healing of ulcers and in alleviating symptoms of duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, and gerd/heartburn;; used in conjunction with antibiotics to eradicate h pylori

A

h2 antagonists

43
Q

what are some proton pump inhibitors

A 
esomeprazole(nexium)
lansoprazole(prevacid)
omeprazole(prilosec)
pantoprazole(protonix)
rabeprazole (aciphex)
44
Q

reduce hcl in stomach

A

protonpump inhibitors

45
Q

reduce gastric acid secretion in stomach, reducing chance for reflux into esophagus

A

h2 antagonists

46
Q

eradicate h pylori; multidrug regimens; 10 to 14 days recommended

A

antibiotics

47
Q

nonspecific disease with symptoms lasting at least 12 weeks consisting of diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain

A

ibs

48
Q

fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome, sleep disturbance, migraines, and chronic stress

A

diseases associated with ibs

49
Q

common antibiotics causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea

A 
clindamycin
amoxicillin
ampicillin
cephalosporins
tetracyclines
50
Q

chronic, long-lasting disease resulting in inflammation of the mucosa of the colon(large intestine) and rectum; bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain

A

ulcerative colitis

51
Q

reduce inflammation in UC of the tissues of colon by using

A

anti-inflammatory drugs

52
Q

patients with ulcerative colitis cannot take ____ an antibiotic frequently prescribed for dental infections

A

clindamycin(cleocin)

53
Q

is there any contraindications or precautions to follow for dental treatment of patients with peptic ulcer disease or gerd

A

no

54
Q

patients with gerd may experience symptoms when

A

lying down in dental chair

55
Q

the patient may prefer to be lying _____ up and not totally in a supin position

A

halfway

56
Q

antacids(aluminum, calcium and magnesium) interact with certain antibiotics such as

A

tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones; space doses of drugs apart

57
Q

the bacterium that causes approximately 90% of gastric and duodenal ulcers

A

h pylori

58
Q

____ may be a side effect of anticholinergics, antiemetics, and proton pump inhibitors, so the patient must be counseled on prevention, including having optimum oral hygiene

A

xerostomia

pharmacology (11 decks)

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