CH5 fats Flashcards
Saturated fat
no double bonds
raises blood cholesterol
solid at room T-lard, butter, meat fat
Mono unsaturated fat
one double bond (lack H atom)
lowers bad cholesterol, lower risk of Heart disease
Liquid at room T- olive oil
poly unsaturated fat
more that one double bond
reduce bad cholesterol levels
liquid at room Tem solid when chilled-salmon
transfat
hydrogen atoms added to unsat fatty acids
increase risk of cardio disease
triglycerides
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
stored in fat cells
released between meals for energy
chylomicron
lipoprotein produced in enterocyte to transport lipid from a meal
composed of fatty acids surrounded by phospholipids & proteins
soluble in water
micelle
capture lipid digestion products and transports them to enterocyte for absorption
Functions of lipids in body
protect, insulate organs
fat soluble vit, regulates cell function
maintains membrane
nerve cell transmition
structure of all fatty acids
carboxyl group COOH
2 essential fatty acids
linoleic acid
alpha liolenic acid
Linolenic acid Essential Fatty acid
omega 6 fatty acid
vegetables and nuts
Alpha linolenic acid Essential Fatty acid
amega 3 fatty acid
vegetables, soy, flaxseed
walnuts oil fish
triglycerides
omega 3 fatty acids found in fish and oil
eicosapentaenoic acid EPA
docosahexaenoic acid DHA
triglycerides
protect against cardio disease
stimulates prostaglandins and thromboxanes that reduce inflamatory response
reduce blood clotting and plasma trilycerides
sterols
multiple rings of carbon atoms
secrete cholesterol
bile
emulsifies fat
made in liver
stored in gallblader
cholesterol
synthesized in liver
used to make hormones
vit D
and bile
Very Low Density Lipoproteins
produced in liver and small intestine
transport tryglycerides into blood stream
Low Density Lipoprotein
made by removal of all VLDL’s trigliceryde load
rich in cholesterol- taken to cells with LDL receptors
LDL not taken up be cells- taken up by live for degeneration
High Density Lipoprotein
Produced in liver & circulates in blood
Picks up chol from dying cells , other lipptns
and arterial plaques
return cholesterol to body-> then recycles or eliminates from body through bile
blood lipids normal range
total
<200mg/dl
blood lipids normal range LDL
Bad cholesterol
<100 mg/dl
blood lipids normal range HDL
good cholesterol
more than or = to 60 mg/dl
blood lipids normal range tryglicerides
<150 mg/dl
