Ch4 Flashcards
Glucose
Monosacchride
food source-plants (photosynthesis)
Glucose digestion
final product small intestine (mucosa cells)
Lactose (milk sugar)
dissachride
made up of glucose + galactose
Lactose (Milk sugar)
food source- breast & cow milk
Lactose digestion
disaccharide
digestion
small intestine
Fructose (fruit sugar
monosacchride
food source- fruit vegetables
Fructose absorbed
Monosacchride
Via facilitated diffusion (slower abso)
Small intestine-> mucosa cells
converted to glucose in liver
Glucose and galactose absorbed
Via active transport
Maltose (Malt sugar)
Dissachride
glucose & glucose
food source- byproduct of fermented process
Maltose
Glucose + glucose
maltase bdown into monosacchride in small intestine
Sucrose
Dissachride
Glucose + fructose
food slource- sugar cane, honey, table sugar
Starch
Polysacchride
(amylose and amylopectin)
food source- wheat, white rice, legumes
Starch digestion
Polysacchride
Salivary amylase ->amylose to starch
amylopectin-> shorter chains
Glycogen
Polyssachride
storage form of glucose in animals
stored in liver and muscles
not common dietary source of carbs
Glycogen
Polysacchride
food source animal
Fiber
Polysacchride
Food source- plant
Fiber
Dietary fiber
Functional fiber
soluble fiber
insoluble fiber
Dietary fiber
non digestible part of plant
functional fiber
non digestible form of carbs extracted from plants or manufactured in labs
-have known health benef
Soluble fiber
dissolve in water- viscous & gel forming
fermentable- digested by bact
Soluble fiber
reduce risk of cardio disease
- pectin, gum, mucilage
- found- citrius fruits, berries. oats, beans
Insoluble fiber
nonviscous Not fermented by bacteria promote regular bowel movnt alleviate constipation reduce divertivulosis
Insoluble fiber sources
lignins, cellulose, hemicelluloses
-whole grains, seeds, legumes, fruit, and vegetables
