Ch.1

Question 1

diet

Answer 1

food and beverages that a person intakes

contains energy nutrients to mantn life, support growth and health

Question 2

NUTRITION

Answer 2

The study of how food nourishes body
influence health
digestion, conusme, metblz, and store nutrients
eating patterns and making recmd.

Question 3

Energy density

Answer 3

amount of energy (or calories) per gram of food. Lower energy density foods provide less energy per gram of food so you can eat more of them without consuming too many calories.

Question 4

Calorie

Answer 4

term used to indicate Kcal

Question 5

Kcalorie

Answer 5

The amount of heat needed to raise the temp of 1 kg H2O by 1 degree Cel.
=1000 cal

Question 6

Validity (science)

Answer 6

Reliable info ( used in scientific method and used proper experiments)

Question 7

Control group

Answer 7

Essential for comparison between tretd and untred indivdls.

people who are as much like the treated as possible but not been treated with the condition been testet

Question 8

control for other variables

Answer 8

Applied to avoid coincidentally influencing results

Question 9

Placebo

Answer 9

imitation treatment that has no effect on participants

Question 10

Causation

Answer 10

cb

Question 11

correlation

Answer 11

cb

Question 12

peer review

Answer 12

cb

Question 13

Blind studies

Answer 13

Subjects dont know if they are getting perturbation or placebo
participants dont know treatment receiving researchers know

Question 14

Double blinded studies

Answer 14

neither researcher nor participants know which group is been treated

Question 15

variable

Answer 15

cb

Question 16

Dietary Reference Intake

Answer 16

Aim to reduce/prevent risk of chronic disease- promote optimal health

• establish upper level for some nutr.
• Dietary standards for healthy people only

Question 17

The DRI’s (Dietary Reference intakes)

Answer 17

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Adequate Intake (AI)
Tolerable upper intake level (UL)

Question 18

Estimated average Requirements (EAR)

Answer 18

Average daily intake level of a nutrient to meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular life stage or gender group

Question 19

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Answer 19

The average daily nutrient intake level that meets nutrient requirement of 97%-98% of healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group

Question 20

Adequate Intake (AI)

Answer 20

Recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on observed and experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people
-Used when RDA not available

Question 21

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

Answer 21

Highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to most people
-Max daily ammnt to avoid toxicity

Question 22

DRI’s related to energy

Answer 22

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

Question 23

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

Answer 23

Average Dietary energy intake to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult
-Defined by age gender, weight, height and physical activity

Question 24

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

Answer 24

Range of nutrient intakes from Macros that provide adequate intakes of essential nutrients while red. risk of chronic disease.

• Carbs 45-65% Daily
• Fat 20-35%
• Prtn-10-35%

Question 25

Risk Factors

Answer 25

cb

Question 26

Malnutrition

Answer 26

Nutrition is out of balance | getting too much or too little of particular nutrient or energy over a significant period of time

Question 27

undernutrition

Answer 27

Consuming too little energy or few nutrients overtime causes - wight loss - nutr deficiency - nutr def deisease

Question 28

Over nutrition

Answer 28

Consuming too much energy or too much of a given ntr over time, causing - Obesity - heart disease - nutr toxicity

Question 29

Anthropometric measurements

Answer 29

body weight, height head circumference limbs and waist circumference

Question 30

AMDR

Answer 30

daily intake Carbs-45-65% Fat 20-35% Prtn-10-35%

Question 31

Epidemiological studies

Answer 31

examine patterns of disease in def. population indicate relationship between factors, not cause and effect -report prevalence and incidence of disease

Question 32

experimental studies

Answer 32

tightly controlled experiments done to determine its effect on a certain disease or health condition

Question 33

Invitro

Answer 33

microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context used for studies

Question 34

Invivo

Answer 34

whole, living organisms, usually animals, including humans, and plants as opposed to a partial or dead organism used for studies

Question 35

Scientific method

Answer 35

Make observation Propose hypothesis Experiment collect and analyze data

Question 36

Sections of scientific paper

Answer 36

``` Abstract Intro Review of literature Methodology Results Conclusion References ```

Question 37

Organic nutrients

Answer 37

``` Made up of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen Lipids (fat soluble vit) Carbs prtns- also have nitrogen vitms ```

Question 38

Inorganic Nutrients

Answer 38

Minerals | water

Question 39

Energy molecules

Answer 39

Lipids protein carbs

Question 40

Lipids Energy Mol

Answer 40

``` 9kcal X gram Provide fat soluble vit and essential fatty acid store large quant of energy Triglycerides phospholipids sterols Com of H2O,H, O ```

Question 41

Protein energy mol

Answer 41

4kcal X gram Provide energy if needed, not primary source of en. support tissue growth repair and maintenance. cont- Carbon,H,O, and N

Question 42

Carbs energy molecule

Answer 42

4Kcal X gram Primary source of energy Comp-Carbon, H, H2O

Question 43

5 risk factors of death

Answer 43

``` Obesity stroke type2 diavetes heart disease some forms of cancer ```

Question 44

3L=

Answer 44

``` 3= 3.17006 quarts 1= 1.05669 quarts ```

Question 45

1L=

Answer 45

1000 ml

Question 46

2ml=oz

Answer 46

2=.067628 oz | 1=.033814 oz

Question 47

5g= mg

Answer 47

5=5000 mg | 1=1000 mg

Question 48

1g= oz

Answer 48

1= .035274 oz

Question 49

3kg= g

Answer 49

``` 3= 3000g 1= 1000g ```

Question 50

1 kg=Lb

Answer 50

1=2.2046 Lb

Question 51

5 ways to assess patients health and nut.

Answer 51

``` Diet history health history lab test physical examination anthropometric measures ```