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Psychology 111 > Ch.3 > Flashcards

Ch.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Unlearned responses triggered by certain stimulations

A

Reflexes

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2
Q

The baby is calm with their eyes open and focused, deliberately inspecting their environment

A

Alert inactivity

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3
Q

Baby’s eyes are open but unfocused with arms or legs moving in uncoordinated motions

A

Waking activity

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4
Q

Baby is crying aggressively with agitated, uncoordinated movement

A

Crying

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5
Q

Baby changes between still and breathing regularly, to breathing irregularly and moving gently with eyes closed

A

Sleeping

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6
Q

Cry that starts softly and becomes more intense, largely due to being tired or hungry

A

Basic cry

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7
Q

Intense version of basic cry

A

Mad cry

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8
Q

Cry with sudden outburst of crying, with a long pause and gasping

A

Pain cry

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9
Q

Sleep where a newborn’s eyes wonder rapidly between the eyelids while body is active

A

Irregular or rapid eye movement(REM) sleep

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10
Q

Sleep where heart-rate, breathing, and Brain activity are steady

A

Regular (nonREM) sleep

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11
Q

When a healthy infant dies for no reason

A

Sudden infant death syndrome (SID)

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12
Q

Consistent pattern of behavior

A

Temperament

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13
Q

Being small for age due to inadequate nutrition

A

Malnourished

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14
Q

Cellular unit of the brain and nervous system that works in receiving and transmitting information

A

Neuron

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15
Q

Neuron center that contains biological machinery to keep cell alive

A

Cell body

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16
Q

Neuron end that receives information from other neurons

A

Dendrite

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17
Q

Tubelike structure that emerges from cell body and transmits information to other nuerons

A

Axon

18
Q

Small knobs at the end of the axon that releases neurotransmitters

A

Terminal button

19
Q

Chemicals released by terminal buttons that let neurons communicate with other nuerons

A

Neurotransmitters

20
Q

Wrinkled surface of the brain that regulates distinct human functions

A

Cerebral cortex

21
Q

Thick bundle of neurons that connect the two brain hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

22
Q

Brain region that regulates personality and goal setting behavior

A

Frontal cortex

23
Q

Flat group of cells present in prenatal development that soon becomes the brain and spinal cord

A

Neural plate

24
Q

Fatty sheath that surrounds neurons and enables them to transmit information quicker than usual

A

Myelin

25
Q

Process by which wiring of the brain is organized by common human experience

A

Experience-expectant growth

26
Q

Coordinate movements of the muscle and limbs

A

Motor skills

27
Q

Ability to move around the world

A

Locomote

28
Q

Body movements to do with grasping, holding, and manipulating objects

A

Fine motor skills

29
Q

Theory that views motor development as involving different distinct skills that organized over time to meet
specific needs

A

Dynamic systems theory

30
Q

Distinguishing and mastering individual motions

A

Differentiation

31
Q

Linking individual motions into a coherent, coordinated whole motion

A

Integration

32
Q

Process in which the brain receives, selects, modifies, and organizes incoming nerve impulses that are the result of physical stimulation

A

Perception

33
Q

A glass-covered platform that shows a shallow side and a deep side used to study infants’ depth perception

A

Visual cliff

34
Q

Cues related to depth perception and motion

A

Kinetic cues

35
Q

Kinetic cue related to depth perception based on an object filling an ever-greater proportion of the retina as it moves closer

A

Visual expansion

36
Q

Kinetic cue relating to depth perception that is about nearby objects moving across out visual field FASTER than distant moving objects

A

Motion parallax

37
Q

A way of assuming depth based on differences in retinal images in both eyes

A

Retinal disparity

38
Q

Cues to depth perception that are made to convey depth in drawings and paintings

A

Pictorial cues

39
Q

Cue related to depth perception based on parallel lines coming together at a single point in the distance

A

Linear perspective

40
Q

Perceptual cue relating to depth perception based on an object’s textures that changed from coarse and distinct for nearby objects to finer and less clear for distant objects

A

Texture gradient

41
Q

Being attuned to information presented simultaneously to different sensory modes

A

Intersensory redunancy

42
Q

Ideas about connections between thoughts, beliefs, intentions, and behavior that create a complex understanding of the connection between mind and behavior

A

Theory of mind

Psychology 111 (12 decks)

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