Ch.3

Question 1

Unlearned responses triggered by certain stimulations

Answer 1

Reflexes

Question 2

The baby is calm with their eyes open and focused, deliberately inspecting their environment

Answer 2

Alert inactivity

Question 3

Baby’s eyes are open but unfocused with arms or legs moving in uncoordinated motions

Answer 3

Waking activity

Question 4

Baby is crying aggressively with agitated, uncoordinated movement

Answer 4

Crying

Question 5

Baby changes between still and breathing regularly, to breathing irregularly and moving gently with eyes closed

Answer 5

Sleeping

Question 6

Cry that starts softly and becomes more intense, largely due to being tired or hungry

Answer 6

Basic cry

Question 7

Intense version of basic cry

Answer 7

Mad cry

Question 8

Cry with sudden outburst of crying, with a long pause and gasping

Answer 8

Pain cry

Question 9

Sleep where a newborn’s eyes wonder rapidly between the eyelids while body is active

Answer 9

Irregular or rapid eye movement(REM) sleep

Question 10

Sleep where heart-rate, breathing, and Brain activity are steady

Answer 10

Regular (nonREM) sleep

Question 11

When a healthy infant dies for no reason

Answer 11

Sudden infant death syndrome (SID)

Question 12

Consistent pattern of behavior

Answer 12

Temperament

Question 13

Being small for age due to inadequate nutrition

Answer 13

Malnourished

Question 14

Cellular unit of the brain and nervous system that works in receiving and transmitting information

Answer 14

Neuron

Question 15

Neuron center that contains biological machinery to keep cell alive

Answer 15

Cell body

Question 16

Neuron end that receives information from other neurons

Answer 16

Dendrite

Question 17

Tubelike structure that emerges from cell body and transmits information to other nuerons

Answer 17

Axon

Question 18

Small knobs at the end of the axon that releases neurotransmitters

Answer 18

Terminal button

Question 19

Chemicals released by terminal buttons that let neurons communicate with other nuerons

Answer 19

Neurotransmitters

Question 20

Wrinkled surface of the brain that regulates distinct human functions

Answer 20

Cerebral cortex

Question 21

Thick bundle of neurons that connect the two brain hemispheres

Answer 21

Corpus callosum

Question 22

Brain region that regulates personality and goal setting behavior

Answer 22

Frontal cortex

Question 23

Flat group of cells present in prenatal development that soon becomes the brain and spinal cord

Answer 23

Neural plate

Question 24

Fatty sheath that surrounds neurons and enables them to transmit information quicker than usual

Answer 24

Myelin

Question 25

Process by which wiring of the brain is organized by common human experience

Answer 25

Experience-expectant growth

Question 26

Coordinate movements of the muscle and limbs

Answer 26

Motor skills

Question 27

Ability to move around the world

Answer 27

Locomote

Question 28

Body movements to do with grasping, holding, and manipulating objects

Answer 28

Fine motor skills

Question 29

Theory that views motor development as involving different distinct skills that organized over time to meet specific needs

Answer 29

Dynamic systems theory

Question 30

Distinguishing and mastering individual motions

Answer 30

Differentiation

Question 31

Linking individual motions into a coherent, coordinated whole motion

Answer 31

Integration

Question 32

Process in which the brain receives, selects, modifies, and organizes incoming nerve impulses that are the result of physical stimulation

Answer 32

Perception

Question 33

A glass-covered platform that shows a shallow side and a deep side used to study infants' depth perception

Answer 33

Visual cliff

Question 34

Cues related to depth perception and motion

Answer 34

Kinetic cues

Question 35

Kinetic cue related to depth perception based on an object filling an ever-greater proportion of the retina as it moves closer

Answer 35

Visual expansion

Question 36

Kinetic cue relating to depth perception that is about nearby objects moving across out visual field FASTER than distant moving objects

Answer 36

Motion parallax

Question 37

A way of assuming depth based on differences in retinal images in both eyes

Answer 37

Retinal disparity

Question 38

Cues to depth perception that are made to convey depth in drawings and paintings

Answer 38

Pictorial cues

Question 39

Cue related to depth perception based on parallel lines coming together at a single point in the distance

Answer 39

Linear perspective

Question 40

Perceptual cue relating to depth perception based on an object's textures that changed from coarse and distinct for nearby objects to finer and less clear for distant objects

Answer 40

Texture gradient

Question 41

Being attuned to information presented simultaneously to different sensory modes

Answer 41

Intersensory redunancy

Question 42

Ideas about connections between thoughts, beliefs, intentions, and behavior that create a complex understanding of the connection between mind and behavior

Answer 42

Theory of mind