Ch.2

Question 1

Threadlike structure in nuclei cells containing material

Answer 1

Chromosomes

Question 2

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 2

Autosomes

Question 3

The 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of the child

Answer 3

Sex chromosomes

Question 4

Molecule that composes one chromosome; considered the biochemical basis of hereditary

Answer 4

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 5

Group of compounds that provides a set of biochemical instructions

Answer 5

Gene

Question 6

Complete set of genes that makes up one’s hereditary

Answer 6

Genotype

Question 7

Physical, behavioral, and psychological features that result from the interaction from one’s genes and the environment(P)

Answer 7

Phenotype

Question 8

Variations of genes

Answer 8

Alleles

Question 9

The same alleles in a set of chromosomes

Answer 9

Homozygous

Question 10

Different alleles in a set of chromosomes

Answer 10

Heterozygous

Question 11

Allele with followed chemical instructions

Answer 11

Dominant

Question 12

Allele with ignored chemical instructions in the presence of the dominant allele

Answer 12

Recessive

Question 13

Phenotypes are the product of the combined activity of separate genes(PI)

Answer 13

Polygenic inheritance

Question 14

Results of a single fertilized egg splitting to from two new identical twins

Answer 14

Monozygotic twins

Question 15

Result of two separated eggs fertilized by two sperms/fraternal twins

Answer 15

Dizygotic twins

Question 16

Deliberately seeking a compatible environment for one’s genetic makeup

Answer 16

Niche-picking

Question 17

Situations in a family that make siblings different from each other

Answer 17

nonshared environmental influences

Question 18

The many changes that make a fertilized egg into a newborn

Answer 18

Prenatal development

Question 19

The fertilized egg

Answer 19

Zygote

Question 20

Zygote digs into uterine walls and make connection(implants) with a woman’s blood vessels

Answer 20

Implantation

Question 21

Small cluster of cells near the zygote center that later develops into a baby

Answer 21

Germ disc

Question 22

A structure which nutrients and wastes are exchanged between pregnant woman and the developing child

Answer 22

Placenta

Question 23

The zygote after it is implanted in the uterine wall

Answer 23

Embryo

Question 24

Inner sac where the developing child rests

Answer 24

Amnion

Question 25

Fluid that surrounds fetus

Answer 25

Amniotic fluid

Question 26

Structure that houses veins & arteries that join the embryo to the placenta

Answer 26

Umbilical cord

Question 27

Longest period of prenatal development taking place in the 9-38th week period after conception

Answer 27

Period of the fetus

Question 28

The age(around 22-28 weeks after conception) when fetus can survive if born due to functioning well.

Answer 28

Age of viability

Question 29

An agent that can cause abnormal prenatal development

Answer 29

Teratogen

Question 30

When pregnant mothers consume large amounts of alcohol, it can cause this disorder

Answer 30

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Question 31

Prenatal diagnostic technique that uses sound waves to generate an image of a pregnant woman's fetus

Answer 31

Ultrasound

Question 32

Prenatal diagnostic technique that uses syringe to withdraw a amniotic fluid sample through pregnant woman's abdomen

Answer 32

Amniocentesis

Question 33

Prenatal diagnostic technique of taking a tissue sample from the placenta

Answer 33

Chronic villus sampling

Question 34

Birth complication in which umbilical blood flow is disrupted, causing disrupt in oxygen (H)

Answer 34

Hypoxia

Question 35

Babies born before the 37th week after conception

Answer 35

Preterm/premature

Question 36

Newborns weighing less than 2,500g/5.5lbs

Answer 36

Low birth weight

Question 37

Newborns weighing less than 1,500g/3.3lbs

Answer 37

Very low birth weight

Question 38

Newborns weighing less than 1,000g/2.2lbs

Answer 38

Extremely low birth weight

Question 39

Percentage of infants that die before their birthday

Answer 39

Infant mortality

Question 40

Process where sperm and eggs are mixed in petit dish to create a zygote to be placed in a woman’s uterus

Answer 40

In vitro fertilization

Question 41

Effort to improve the human species by only letting important characteristics people within society mate and pass their genes

Answer 41

Eugenics