Ch.2 Sec. 1 Geography Flashcards

1
Q

Upper and lower mantle

A

Consists of molten rock called Magma

1800 miles thick

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2
Q

Outer core

A

Made of molten, iron, nickel

1400 miles thick

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3
Q

Inner core

A

2000 degrees Fahrenheit
Made of iron
Solid bc of pressure
700 miles thick

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4
Q

Tectonic plates

A

The sections of earths crust

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5
Q

Continental drift

A

The slow movement of the continents

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6
Q

Mountain

A

A high steep elevation

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7
Q

Hill

A

Slopes upward but less steep and rigid than a mountain

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8
Q

Plain

A

A level area

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9
Q

Plateau

A

A plain that sits high above sea level and usually has a cliff on all sides

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10
Q

Continental shelf

A

The edge of a continent often extends out under the water

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11
Q

Continental rise

A

Beyond the slope, before the ocean floor where the land slopes slightly upward

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12
Q

Valley

A

Low-lying area that is surrounded by mountains

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13
Q

Crust

A

Outer part of the earth
About 30 miles thick
Solid

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14
Q

Large bodies of salt water

A

Oceans

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15
Q

Smaller bodies of salt water

A

Seas

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16
Q

The process by which rocks and soil slowly break apart and are swept away

A

Erosion

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17
Q

Process where the sun heats the ocean and water vapor rises into the atmosphere

A

Evaporation

18
Q

Large body of water that is surrounded by land

19
Q

Process of water droplets falling back to the earth

A

Precipitation

20
Q

When air water wind or ice slowly where away rocks and soil

A

Weathering

21
Q

A mountain that erupts in an explosion of molten rock gases and ashes

22
Q

Continuously moving flows of water that circulate through the oceans and affect climate

23
Q

The beginning of spring and autumn

24
Q

Earth’s tilt creates these

25
Large powerful ocean waves that can cause great distruction along the coast
Tsunamis
26
A circle of volcanoes and earthquakes along the rim of the Pacific ocean
Ring of fire
27
Finally shaking of the earths crust
Earthquake
28
Process were cooler temperatures and atmosphere cause water vapor to turn into clouds
Condensation
29
The exact moment in which summer and winter start
Solstice
30
Process where precipitation soaks into ground and runs into rivers and eventually the ocean
Runoff
31
Path of water that flows from a higher elevation to a lower elevation
River
32
A dense oceanic plate dives under a less dense continental plate often forms volcanoes
Subduction
33
As the oceanic plates spread apart magma pushes up, creates mountains and an expanding ocean floor
Divergence
34
Two continental plates collide and are pushed upward, causes steep mountain ranges
Convergence
35
Two plates slide past each other causing a crack or fall in the crust, causes earthquakes
Transform
36
Scientists progress
They have come along way in predicting when earthquakes volcanoes etc. are going to come, make progress and how to prepare places for natural disasters
37
What is essential to life on earth
Water
38
What contains salt and other minerals and is the world's major source of seafood supply and transportation
Salt water, ocean and sea
39
What is the solar system formed of
The sun and the earth and seven other planets
40
How many miles per hour does the earth revolves around the sun at
67000
41
Axis
Earth rotates on its axis, and imaginary line that runs from north pole to the South Pole
42
What degree does earth tilt at
23.5°