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Medical Terminology > CH13Vocabulary > Flashcards

CH13Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Albumin

A

Major protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

Antibody (Ab)

A

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it

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3
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance or toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

Basophil

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue (with basic dyes) associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

Bilirubin

A

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

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6
Q

Coagulation

A

Blood clotting

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7
Q

Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

Protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells. Examples are granulocyte CSF, erythropoietin, and thrombophlebitis

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8
Q

Differentiation

A

Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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9
Q

Electrophoresis

A

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

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10
Q

Eosinophil

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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11
Q

Erythroblast

A

Immature red blood cell

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12
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell. 5 million/microliter of blood

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13
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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14
Q

Fibrin

A

Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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15
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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16
Q

Globulin

A

Plasma protein; alpha, beta and gamma (immune) globulins are examples

17
Q

Granulocyte

A

White blood cell with cytoplasmic granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil

18
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell

A

Cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

19
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood protein containing iron. Carries oxygen in red blood cells.

20
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

21
Q

Immune reaction

A

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

22
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Protein (a globulin). With antibody activity; examples: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD.

23
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

24
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies to fight disease

25
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

26
Q

Mononuclear

A

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

27
Q

Myleoblast

A

Immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocyte

28
Q

Neutrophil

A

Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. A phagocytic tissue fighting cell
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte

29
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of blood, containing water, proteins, salts, nutrients, wastes, lipids, hormones and vitamins

30
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from with drawn blood. Collected cells are retransfused back into the donor. Fresh frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma

31
Q

Platelet

A

Small blood cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

32
Q

Polymorphonuclear

A

Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil

33
Q

Prothrombin

A

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

34
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature erythrocyte. A network (reticulum) of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes.

35
Q

Rh factor

A

Antigen on red blood cells of Rh positive individuals.

36
Q

Serum

A

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. Formed from plasma but does not contain protein-coagulation factors

37
Q

Stem cell

A

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms. Hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

38
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

39
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Platelet

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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