Ch.13: Nutrition for a Lifetime

Question 1

Dietary needs by stage of pregnancy
FOLATE- 50%+
IRON-50%+

Answer 1

1st- no increase
2nd- 340 kcal
3rd- 452 kcal

Question 2

_______ are common in pregnancy. cause is unknown but may be related to hormonal changes

Answer 2

cravings

Question 3

craving and eating nonfood substances such as laundry starch, coal cigarette ashes and dirt.

Answer 3

pica

Question 4

Weight gain during pregnancy recommendations depends on

Answer 4

before pregnancy weight

Question 5

specialized health care for pregnant woment that can detect problems

Answer 5

prenatal care

Question 6

Type 2 diabetes that develops during pregnancy
excess glucose is delivered to fetus, resulting in large infant with excess body fat
3-8% of pregnancies

Answer 6

gestational diabetes

Question 7

major sign is rapid weight gain after 5 months of pregnancy
LEADING CAUSE OF PREGNANCY RELATED DEATH
6-8% of pregnancies

Answer 7

pregnancy induced hypertension

Question 8

major signs of preeclampsia are

Answer 8

sudden weight gain
high blood pressure
edema
protein in urine

Question 9

Infant nutrition :

weight gain

Answer 9

birth weight doubles by 4 to 6 months

birth weight triples by 1 year

Question 10

Infant nutrition:

Answer 10

50% increase in length from birth to 1

Question 11

designed to meet nutritional needs of a newborn baby

Answer 11

human milk

Question 12

yellowish fluid secreted from breast soon after birth

contains antibodies needed for immunity and lactobacillus bifidus for a healthy GI tract

Answer 12

colostrum

Question 13

Stimulates milk production in the breast

Answer 13

prolactin

Question 14

triggers milk “let down” a reflex that enables milk to travel via ducts to the nipple area

Answer 14

oxytocin

Question 15

Roles or prolactin and oxytocin

Answer 15

1. sucking sends nerve signals to pituitary gland
2. prolactin and oxytocin are released
3. prolactin stimulates milk producing cells
4. oxytocin triggers let down of milk

Question 16

Infants need breast milk only for the first

Answer 16

6 MONTHS

Question 17

True or false: breastfeeding should continue until 12 months

Answer 17

true

Question 18

True or false: in general women are not breastfeeding long enough

Answer 18

true

Question 19

How is cow’s milk not appropriate for infants?

Answer 19

too high in minerals and protein
intestinal bleeding/iron deficiency
CASEIN, protein in cows difficult to digest for infants
cause allergies

Question 20

infant thrusts tongue forward when a solid or semi solid food is placed in its mouth

Answer 20

extrusion reflex

Question 21

first solid food generally is

Answer 21

rice cereal

Question 22

introduce one vegetable or fruit at a time. wait __ to ___ days before adding new food

Answer 22

2 to 4 days

Question 23

Avoid feeding allergenic foods until 1st birthday. foods include

Answer 23

egg whites
chocolates
peanuts
cows milk

Question 24

results from infants being put to bed with a bottle of formula,juice, or any sugar sweetened drink

Answer 24

tooth decay

Question 25

True or false: prevalence of obese children has increased dramatically since 1970

Answer 25

true

Question 26

Children need at lease ______ of moderate intensity physical activity most days of the week

Answer 26

1 hour

Question 27

Adolescents’ diets include

Answer 27

low diets of fruits and vegetables, calcium

Question 28

Iron deficiency during adolescence include

Answer 28

boys with growth spurt

girls with periods

Question 29

Life expectancy has gone higher.

Answer 29

almost 80 years compared to the 1900s which was 47 years old