CH11 Flashcards
what kind of DNA does lambda virus have
dsDNA
it is a temperate phage
what is the pupose of cos sites in the lambda genome
they allow the linear DNA to circularize at the cos sites
what are concatemers
copies of the virus genome
what site does lambda bind to
maltose porin
what happenes if the cro promoter wins
if the cro protein wins then the virus replication leads to lysis of the cell
what happenes if the CI and CII promoter win
leads to lysogeny
CI: lambda repressor
what kind of virus is influenza A and what pandemics came from it
it is an RNA virus and it caused H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 AND H5N1
What does the H1N1 refer to on the influenza virus
the hemagglutinin (binding) and neuraminidase (releases virus particle from the cell)
What is the effect of H5N1
(bird flu) can infect humans and cause a 50% mortality rate
definition of antigenic shift
two different strains that mix
definition of antigenic drift
singular event (mutation)
how does reverse genetics go?
- CDNA
- Plasmids
- Host cell
- Analysis
Key: RNA polymerase 1
what needs to happen for the influenza virus to spread
the neuraminidase needs to remove the sialic acid
towards what direction does the dynein motor move on the microtubule
the negative end
towards what direction does the kinesin motor move on the microtubule
the positive end (used by influenza virus)
influenza replication video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXzwtGFyBik
what are lentiviruses
cause infections that progress slowly over many hears (HIV)
what are simple retroviruses
simple genomes that cause tumors and leukemia
how does HIV attach to the host cell?
binds to the CD4 receptor of lymphocytes.
note if you do not have CCR5 then you cannot get infected
how does HIV enter host cell
The envelope and host membrane fuse, and the HIV core directly enters the cytoplasm. HIV core then dissolves and releases its contents.
HIV replication video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PlSvywlLuNw
what is a gene transfer vector
a DNA sequence that can express a recombinant gene in an animal or plant cell.
what kind of DNA does the Herpes virus have
double-stranded DNA
what kind of diseases can herpes cause?
chickenpox, shingles, lymphoma, and sarcoma