Ch1: Principles of AT

Question 1

Activity

Answer 1

The portion of the human activity assistive technology (HAAT) model that defines what the individual needs or wants to do when using assistive technology

Question 2

Assessment

Answer 2

A process through which information about the client is gathered and analyzed in a systematic manner with the purpose of identifying appropriate assistive technologies (hard and soft) and developing a plan for intervention

Question 3

Assistive Technology

Answer 3

yA broad range of devices, services, strategies, and practices that are conceived and applied to ameliorate the problems faced by individuals who have disabilities

Question 4

Assistive Technology Service

Answer 4

Any service that directly assists an individual with a disability in the selection, acquisition or use of an assistive technology device

Question 5

Beneficence

Answer 5

An ethical principle ensuring that actions lead to good results that benefit the others

Question 6

Ecological Models

Answer 6

-Model comprised of different levels or components that form a system, which is viewed as an interactive and dynamic whole. Change in one component affects all others
Models that describe the relationships among the person, the environment, and occupation inform occupational therapy practice
-Two particularly influential models are the CMOP-E) and the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) model

Question 7

Enabler

Answer 7

Someone or something that facilitates the performance of an occupation

Question 8

Environmental Sensor

Answer 8

• The portion of a sensory device that detects data from the physical environment
• A device that can detect various forms of energy.
• Like many assistive technologies, mobile phones also have a variety of sensors that provide information to the user or to other apps in the phone.
• The most common examples in mobile technologies are light sensors (cameras), sound sensors (microphones), motion sensors (accelerometers), and location sensors (GPS receivers).

Question 9

Ethics

Answer 9

A formal code of conduct that guides behavior in different situations; includes professional codes of ethics

Question 10

Evidence-Informed

Answer 10

• Practice and service delivery that is informed by clinical and research evidence
• Benefits the user of AT through ensuring that elements of AT service comprehensively include steps to identify technology that is most appropriate for the user
• To provide necessary training and support for initial and ongoing use of the technology, and to evaluate the outcome of the technology adequately, not only for the individual user but for aggregate groups as well.

Question 11

Hard technology

Answer 11

• Readily available components that can be purchased and assembled into assistive technology systems
• Refers to the actual, tangible device, such as computer hardware, an AAC device, a Braille reader, or a mobility device.

Question 12

Human Rights

Answer 12

• Fundamental opportunities or actions that belong to an individual and that cannot be denied by governmental or other organizations or persons
• Issue exists when people with disabilities experience stigmatization, discrimination, and unequal opportunities and are subject to multiple violations of their rights

Question 13

Human technology

Answer 13

• The portion of the assistive technology system with which the user interacts
• The boundary between the human user and the AT is called the human/technology interface (HTI).
• The HTI plays several roles in an AT system. It can include how the user controls the AT system, including the mounting of controls for easy access by the user

Question 14

Mainstream Technology

Answer 14

Devices (and services) that are used by the general public rather than being designed specifically for people with disabilities. Examples include mobile phones, tablets, and computers

Question 15

Nonmaleficence

Answer 15

Do no harm

Question 16

Outcome Evaluation

Answer 16

-The process used to determine whether a given intervention has achieved the intended outcome. May be determined for both an individual and a group
Involves two aspects:
-Evaluation of the outcome of device use by an individual client and outcome of device use for a group of individuals.
-Forms details on steps necessary to use the device as well as cognitive, communicative, sensory, and physical demands of device use.

Question 17

Processor

Answer 17

Component of an assistive technology device that translates inputs from the human and the environmental sensor into signals that are used to control the activity output

Question 18

Social Justice

Answer 18

Equitable access to rights and resources, initially from an economic perspective, but subsequently includes equal access to basic rights and freedom of choice

Question 19

Soft Technology

Answer 19

• Less tangible aspects that that support the use of a device, including other people, written or auditory materials, and computer software.
• Involve decision making, strategies, training, concept formation, and service delivery that are used in the research and development of new products, decision making when making a product recommendation or purchase, and then the activities involved when learning how to use the new device

Question 20

Usability

Answer 20

-Describes how well the user is able to access the device’s functionality
5 features:
-Learability
-Efficiency
-Memorability
-Errors
-Satisfaction