Ch 9 Digestive Flashcards
1
Q
alimentary tract + accessory organs
A
Digestive System
2
Q
providing nutrition for the body
A
alimentation
3
Q
system that provides the body with water, nutrients, and minerals
A
digestive system
4
Q
-ation
A
process or action
5
Q
4 activities of the digestive system
A
ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
6
Q
oral intake of substances into the body
A
ingestion
7
Q
mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that an eventually be absorbed by cells
A
digestion
8
Q
process in which the digested food molecules pass through the lining of the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries
A
absorption
9
Q
removal of undigested food particles
A
elimination
10
Q
lact/o
A
milk
11
Q
-ose
A
sugar
12
Q
-ase
A
enzyme
13
Q
amyl/o
A
starch
14
Q
prote/o, protein/o
A
protein
15
Q
lip/o
A
fat
16
Q
breaks down lactose
A
lactase
17
Q
breaks down starch
A
amylase
18
Q
breaks down protein
A
protease, proteinase
19
Q
breaks down lipids
A
lipase
20
Q
bil/i, chol/e
A
bile
21
Q
cirrh/o
A
orange-yellow
22
Q
de-
A
down, from, reversing, or removing
23
Q
glycos/o
A
sugar
24
Q
-orexia
A
appetite
25
-pepsia
digestion
26
vag/o
vagus nerve
27
viscer/o
viscera
28
what begins at the mouth and ends at the anus?
digestive tract
29
pertaining to the intestine
intestinal
30
refers to the stomach and the intestines
gastrointestinal
31
gastr/o
stomach
32
intestin/o
intestines
33
-al
pertaining to
34
UGI (upper GI tract)
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach
35
LGI (lower GI tract)
small and large intestines
36
cheil/o
lips
37
dent/i, dent/o, odont/o
teeth
38
gingiv/o
gums
39
gloss/o, lingu/o
tongue
40
or/o, stomat/o
mouth
41
esophag/o
esophagus
42
duoden/o
duodenum
43
jejun/o
jejunum
44
ile/o
ileum
45
col/o, colon/o
colon or large intestine
46
append/o, appendic/o
appendix
47
cec/o
cecum
48
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
49
proct/o
anus or rectum
50
rect/o
rectum
51
an/o
anus
52
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp, tooth root, and surrounding tissues and the practice of root canal therapy
endodontics
53
diagnosis and treatment of problems with tooth alignment and associated facial problems
orthodontics
54
devoted to the care of children's teeth and mouth; pediatric dentistry
pedodontics
55
study and treatment of the periodontium; the tissue that supports the teeth and keeps them firmly anchored
periodontics
56
mandibul/o
mandible
57
accessory organs to the digestive system
liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands `
58
salivary glands
paired parotid, sublingual, submandibular
59
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
60
choledoch/o
common bile duct
61
hepat/o
liver
62
pancreat/o
pancreas
63
sial/o
salivary gland
64
pertaining to bile
biliary
65
pathway for bile flow from the liver to the bile duct and into the duodenum
biliary tract
66
presence of stones in the gallbladder
cholelithiasis
67
stones lodge in the common bile duct
choledocholithisasis
68
presence of a pancreatic stone
pancreatolithiasis
69
angi/o
vessel
70
endoscopic test that provides radiographic visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts
ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)
71
procedure where salivary ducts can be studied by injecting radiopaque substances into ducts
sialography
72
visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
73
examination of the esophagus
esophagoscopy
74
examination of the stomach
gastroscopy
75
proct/o
anus or rectum
76
resistance to insulin or lack of insulin secretion by the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas
Diabetes mellitus
77
excessive hunger and uncontrolled eating
polyphagia
78
excessive urination
polyuria
79
excessive thirst
polydipsia
80
-uria
urination
81
-dipsia
thirst
82
-emesis
vomiting
83
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition
emaciation
84
loss of appetite for food
anorexia
85
disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat that results in emaciation, often associated with psychologic stress or conflict
anorexia nervosa
86
characterized by episodes of binge eating that often terminate in self-induced vomiting
bulimia
87
-orexia
appetite
88
excessive gas in the stomach and intestinal tract that leads to bloating
flatulence
89
complex of symptoms that include anorexia, weight loss, flatulence, muscle cramps, and bone pain
malabsorption syndrome
90
yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae
jaundice
91
ulcers, chiefly of the mouth and lips
canker sores
92
inflammation of the lip
cheilitis
93
inflammation of the gums
gingivitis
94
inflammation of the tongue
glossitis
95
inflammation of the mouth
stomatitis
96
inability to swallow or difficulty in swallowing
dysphagia
97
complex of enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are susceptible to hemorrhage
esophageal varices
98
inflammation of the esophagus
esophagitis
99
condition resulting from a backflow of the stomach contents into the esophagus
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
100
inflammation of the stomach
gastritis
101
herniation of the stomach
gastrocele
102
inflammation of the stomach and the intestinal tract
gastroenteritis
103
excessive amount of acid in the stomach
hyperacidity
104
lesion of the mucous membrane, accompanied by the sloughing of dead tissue
ulcer
105
bleeding of the upper digestive structures, sometimes evidenced by blood in the vomit
upper GI bleeding
106
inflammation of the vermiform appendix
appendicitis
107
inflammation of the colon
colitis
108
inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon
dysentery
109
stoppage or delay in the passage of food through the intestine
enterostasis
110
masses of veins in the anal canal that are unnaturally distended and lie just inside or outside the rectum
hemorrhoids
111
abnormally increased motility of the small and large intestines of unknown origin
IBS (irritable bowel syndrome)bl
112
bleeding of the lower digestive structures
lower GI bleeding
113
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecystitis
114
formation or presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct
cholelithiasis
115
stoppage of bile excretion
cholestasis
116
chronic liver disease characterized by marked degeneration of liver cells
cirrhosis
117
inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
118
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
119
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatitis
120
appetite-suppressing drug
anorexiant
121
strong medications used to promote full evacuation of the bowel
purgatives, cathartics
122
-triptor
instrument used for crushing
123
lapar/o
abdominal wall
124
removal of the vermiform appendix
appendectomy
125
surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecystectomy
126
creation of an artificial anus on the abdominal wall by incising the colon and drawing it out to the surface
colostomy
127
surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
gastrectomy
128
joining of two organs, vessels, or ducts that are normally separate
anastomosis
129
surgical creation of a new opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall; allows the insertion of a synthetic feeding tube
gastrostomy
130
removal of hemorrhoids by any of several means, including surgery
hemorrhoidectomy
131
creation of a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum
ileostomy
132
examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall
laparoscopy
133
removal of tissue from the liver for pathologic examination
liver biopsy
134
removal of liver tissue by using a needle to puncture the skin overlying the liver
percutaneous liver biopsy (closed)
135
excision of a pancreatic stone
pancreatolithectomy
136
resection of portions of the vagus nerve near the stomach; performed to decrease the amount of gastric juices by severing the nerve that controls their release
vagotomy
