Ch 6 Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
provides protection, support, and movement for the body
A
musculoskeletal system
2
Q
important to hematopoiesis
A
bones (store mineral salts)
3
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
4
Q
-poiesis
A
production
5
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
6
Q
function in formation of blood cells, storage of fat in the bone marrow and storage and release of minerals
A
bones
7
Q
branch of medicine involved in prevention and correction of deformities or diseases of the musculoskeletal system
A
orthopedics
8
Q
orth/o
A
straight
9
Q
ped/o
A
child
10
Q
-ic
A
pertaining to
11
Q
soft tissue that fills the cavities of the bone
A
bone marrow
12
Q
functions in the formation of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
A
red marrow
13
Q
major divisions of the skeleton (forms the vertical axis)
A
skull, spinal column, breastbone, ribs
14
Q
crani/o
A
cranium, skull
15
Q
cost/o
A
costa, rib
16
Q
stern/o
A
sternum, breastbone
17
Q
rachi/o, spin/o
A
spine, backbone
18
Q
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
A
vertebrae, spinal bones
19
Q
cervic/o
A
cervical
20
Q
thorac/o
A
thoracic
21
Q
lumb/o
A
lumbar
22
Q
sacr/o
A
sacrum
23
Q
coccyg/o
A
coccyx, tail bone
24
Q
clavicul/o
A
clavicle, collarbone
25
scapul/o
scapula, shoulder blade
26
humer/o
humerus, upper arm bone
27
radi/o
radius
28
uln/o
ulna
29
carp/o
carpals
30
metacarp/o
metacarpals
31
phalang/o
phalanges
32
pelv/i
pelvis
33
ili/o
ilium
34
ischi/o
ischium
35
pub/o
pubis
36
femor/o
femur, thigh bone
37
patell/o
patella, kneecap
38
fibul/o
fibula
39
tibi/o
tibia
40
tars/o
tarsals
41
calcane/o
calcaneus, heel bone
42
metatars/o
metatarsals
43
calc/i
calcium
44
process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by deposits of calcium
calcification
45
spin/o, rach/i, rachi/o
spine
46
-dynia
painful
47
-algia
painful
48
immovable fibrous joints between many of the cranial bones
sutures
49
parietal, occipital, temporal, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid
cranial bones
50
maxilla, mandible
facial bones
51
cervical vertebrae
C1-C7
52
thoracic vertebrae
T1-T12
53
lumbar vertebrae
L1-L5
54
sacrum
5 sacral vertebraec
55
coccyx
4 coccygeal vertebrae
56
12 pairs of ribs
7 upper = true 5 below= false (last 2 pairs of false ribs are also called floating ribs)
57
radi/o
radiant energy
58
-graph
instrument used for recording
59
pub/o
pubis
60
meta-
change in the next series
61
ankyl/o
stiff
62
arthr/o
articulation, joint
63
-asthenia
weakness
64
burs/o
bursa
65
cellul/o
little cell or compartment
66
chondr/o
cartilage
67
de-
down, from, or reversing
68
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
69
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon
70
3 main types of muscle tissue
cardiac, smooth, skeletal
71
viscer/o
viscera
72
fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles
fascia
73
bands of strong fibrous tissue that attach muscles to bones
tendons
74
pector/o
chest
75
bi-
two
76
brachi/o
arm
77
radi/o
radius
78
abdomin/o
abdomen
79
ili/o
ilium
80
femor/o
femur
81
tibi/o
tibia
82
place of union between 2 or more bones
articulation, joint
83
joints that have cavities between articulating bones
synovial joints
84
sacs of fluid located in areas of friction
bursae
85
4 common types of joint motion
extension, flexion, rotation, circumduction
86
maximum amount of movement that a healthy join is capable of
ROM (range of motion)
87
strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect bones or cartilage and serve to support and strengthen joints
ligaments
88
widespread nonarticular pain of the torso, extremeties and face
fibromyalgia
89
tissue replace by fibrous tissue
myofibrosis
90
fatigue and muscle weakness resulting from defect in the conduction of nerve impulses
myasthenia gravis
91
non-
not
92
-ar
pertaining to
93
displacement of a bone from a joint
dislocation
94
breaking of a bone
fracture (fx)
95
broken bone but does not puncture the skin surface
simple fracture
96
broken bone but goes through the skin
compound fracture
97
injury to joint that causes pain and disability
sprain
98
excessive use of a part of the body to the extent that it is injured or trauma to a muscle caused by violent contraction or excessive forcible stretch
strain
99
condition in which muscle protrudes through its fascial covering
myocele aka fascial hernia
100
paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs
paraplegia
101
paralysis of the arms and legs
quadriplegia or tetraplegia
102
motor weakness or partial paralysis
paresis
103
partial paralysis of the lower limbs
paraparesis
104
acute, spreading inflammation of the deep subq tissues
cellulitis
105
acute, spreading inflammation of the deep subq tissues but also involves the muscle
myocellulitis
106
inflammation of a bone
osteoitis
107
infection of the bone and bone marrow
osteomyelitis
108
inflammation of bone and cartilage and tends to attack the bone-forming centers of the skeleton
osteochondritis
109
originating in the bone
primary
110
originating in other tissue and metastasizing to the bone
secondary
111
cancers that arise from connective tissue
sarcomas
112
chronic or acute diseases of the blood-formin tissues characterized by unrestrained growth of leukocytes and their precursors
leukemias
113
-sarcoma
malignant tumor
114
important in blood production and is involved in some types of leukemia
bone marrow
115
disease characterized by the presence of many tumor masses in the bone and bone marrow; usually progressive and generally fatal
multiple myeloma
116
skeletal disease of elderly persons characterized by chronic bone inflammation; results in the thickening and softening of bones in the bowing of the long bones
Osteitis deformans (Paget disease)
117
reversible skeletal disorder characterized by a defect in the mineralization of bone; most common cause if Vitamin D deficiency
osteomalacia
118
softening of the vertebrae
spondylomalacia
119
metabolic disease in which reduced bone mass leads to subsequent fractures
osteoporosis
120
-porosis
thinning of bone
121
congenital abnormality characterized by defective closure of the bones of the spine
spina bifida
122
lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
123
exaggerated curvature of the spine from front to back
kyphosis aka humpback or hunchback
124
group of inherited diseases characterized by weakness, atrophy of muscle w/o involvement of the nervous system and progressive disability and loss of strength
muscular dystrophy
125
hernial protrusion of the brain through a defect in the skull
craniocele
126
characterized by the flattening out of the arch of the foot
tarsoptosis aka flatfoot
127
inflammatory condition of the joints characterized by pain, heat, swelling, redness and limitation of movement
arthritis
128
form of arthritis in which one of many joints undergo degenerative changes particularly loss of articular cartilage
osteoarthritis aka DJD
129
chronic, systemic disease that results in joint deformities
RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
130
rheumat/o
rheumatism
131
inflammation of a vertebrae
spondylarthritis
132
inflammation of cartilage between the vertebrae and can eventually cause neighboring vertebrae to fuse
Rheumatoid spondylitis
133
abnormal condition in which a joint is immobile and stiff
ankylosis
134
inflammation of more than one joint
polyarthritis
135
inflammation of a bursa
bursitis
136
autoimmune disease that involves connective tissue; characterized by a butterfly rash that appears across the bridge of the nose
lupus erythematosis
137
painful metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis
gout
138
uric
uric acid
139
direct visualization of the interior of a joint using a special fiberoptic endoscope
arthroscopy
140
pulling broken fragments into alignment
reduction
141
use of a pulling force to a part of the body to produce alignment and rest while decreasing muscle spasm and correcting or preventing deformity
traction
142
fracture restored to normal w/o surgical manipulation
closed reduction
143
fx exposed by surgery
open reduction
144
esthesi/o
feeling
145
suppress
to inhibit
