Ch 7 Circulatory System Flashcards
cardiovascular system + lymphatic system
circulatory system
cardi/o
heart
vascul/o
vessel
home/o
sameness
-stasis
controlling
5 types of blood vessels
arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
blood leaves the heart through ___
arteries
site where O2 and waster CO2 are exchanged
capillaries
largest veins in the body
venae cavae
arter/o
artery
-ole
little
lymphat/o
lymphatic
cardi/o, coron/o
heart
vascul/o
vessel
sub-
below
route of blood (deoxygenated to oxygenated)
venae cavae - R atrium - R ventricle - Pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary veins - L atrium - L Ventricle - Aorta
supplies blood to all of the heart
coronary arteries
carries oxygenated blood from the heart
aorta
tri-
three
bi-
two
AV valves
tricuspid valve and bicuspid valve
valve on the R side
tricuspid valve
valve on the L side
bicuspid valve
pulmon/o
lung
aort/o
aorta
peri-
around
cardi/o
heart
-ium
membrane
endo-
inside
my/o
muscle
layers of the heart
endocardium, myocardium, pericardium
pressure exerted by blood on the wall of the artery
blood pressure
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
vessel
aort/o
aorta
arter/o, arteri/o
artery
arteriol/o
arteriole
ather/o
yellow fatty plaque
phleb/o, ven/o
vein
venul/o
venule
general diagnostic term that designates primary disease of the heart muscle itself
cardiomyopathy
inflammation of the heart muscle
myocarditis
inflammation of the endocardium
endocarditis
inflammation of the pericardium
pericarditis
-pathy
disease
-itis
inflammation
electr/o
electrical
-gram
a record
echo-
sound
-graphy
process of recording
passage of a long, flexible tube into the heart chambers through a vein in an arm of leg or the neck
cardiac catheterization
scop/o
to view
femor/o
femur
severe chest pain and constriction about the heart caused by an insufficient supply of blood to the heart
angina pectoris
irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat
arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
enlarged size of the heart
cardiomegaly
abnormalities present in the heart at birth; defects involve the septum
congenital heart defects
condition characterized by weakness, breathlessness, and edema in lower portions of the body
CHF (congestive heart failure)
abnormal condition that affects the heart’s arteries and produces various pathologic effects, especially the reduced flow of blood to the myocardium
CAD (coronary artery disease)
heart damage resulting from insufficient oxygen caused by pathologic changes in the coronary arteries
CHD (coronary heart disease)
severe cardiac arrhythmia in which contractions are too rapid and uncoordinated for effective blood circulation
fibrillation
electronic apparatus that delivers a shock to the heart
defibrillator
soft blowing or rasping sound that may be heard when listening to the heart with a stethoscope; not necessarily pathologic
heart murmur
excessive lipids in the blood
hyperlipidemia
elevated BP
HTN
low BP
hypotension
necrosis of a localized area of tissue caused by lack of blood supply to that area
infarction
occlusion
obstruction
stenosis
narrowing
death of an area of the heart muscle that occurs as a result of O2 deprivation
MI (myocardial infarction) aka heart attack
deficiency of blood supply to the myocardium
myocardial ischemia
defect in the wall separating the left and right sides of the heart
septal defect
serious condition in which blood flow to the heart is reduced to such an extent that body tissues do not receive enough blood; can have various causes and can result in death
shock
inc. in the diameter of a blood vessel
vasodilation
constriction of a blood vessel
vasoconstriction
angi/o
vessel
-oma
tumor
hem/a, hem/o
blood
radiography of the aorta after the injection of a constrast medium to enhance the image of the aorta on an xray image
aortography
radiography of the arteries after injection of a radiopaque material into the bloodstream
arteriography
disease of the arteries
arteriopathy
inflammation of an artery
arteritis
harding of the arteries
arteriosclerosis
inflammation of the aorta
aortitis
ballooning out of the wall of a vessel
aneurysm
loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
hemorrhage
poly-
many
swollen and knotted veins that occur most often in the legs
varicose veins
masses of dilated varicose veins in the anal canal
hemorrhoids
-al
pertaining to
method used to divert blood away from the heart and lungs temporarily when surgery of the heart and major vessels is performed
cardiopulmonary bypass
pertaining to the heart and lungs
cardiopulmonary
-ary
pertaining to
heart’s natural pacemaker
SA node (sinoatrial node)
restoring the heart’s normal rhythm using electrical shock
cardioversion
device that detects sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation and delivers a low energy shock to the heart
cardioverter defibrillator
emergency first-aid procedure to reestablish heart and lung action if breathing or heart action is stopped
CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
drugs used to prevent, alleviate, or correct an abnormal heart rhythm
anti arrhythmic
thromb/o
clot
-lytic
capable of destroying
embol/o
embolus
-ic
pertaining to
medications that cause dilation of blood vessuls
vasodilators
drugs that help diminish muscle spasm
calcium channel blockers
agents used to reduce high blood pressure
antihypertensives
used and act to reduce blood volume through greater excretion of water by the kidneys
diuretics
used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood
antilipidemic
meds that are given after a MI to allow the heart to work less
beta blockers
surgical repair of blood vessels that have become damaged by disease or injury
angioplasty
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
per-
through
cutane/o
skin
-ous
pertaining to
-ectomy
excision
surgical excision of a vein, or segment of vein
phlebectomy
parts of the lymphatic system (6)
lymph vessels, lymph nodes, lymph, tonsils, thymus, spleen
masses of lymphatic tissue located in depressions of the mucous membranes of the pharynx
tonsils
pharyngeal tonsils
adenoids
aden/o
gland
-oid
resembling
adenoid/o
adenoids
cervic/o
neck (or uterine cervix)
lymphat/o
lymphatics
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
thrombus, blood clot
general term for CA that originates in the lymphatic system
lymphoma
acute or chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels and can be caused by various microorganisms
lymphangitis
radiography of the lymphatic vessels and nodes after injection of a radiopaque substance has made them visible on x-ray film
lymphangiography
accumulation of lymph in tissue and results in swelling
lymphedema
useful for checking the integrity of the lymphatic system in lymphedema and for investigating the spread of malignant tumors
lymphangiograms
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenitis
refers to any disease of the lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
tumor of a lymph node
lymphadenoma
enlarged spleen
splenomegaly
