Ch 12 Integumentary Flashcards
functions of the skin (DERMA)
D vitamin synthesis, Elimination of wastes through perspiration, Regulation of body temperature through perspiration, Makes information about the environment available to the brain, Acts as a barrier to moisture loss, harmful light rays, and invasion of microbes
epi-
above
sub-
below
cutane/o
skin
-ous
pertaining to
adip/o
fat
seb/o
sebum
pil/o
hair
scler/o
hard
skin is derived from a tissue layer called
ectoderm which is formed during embryonic development
lip/o
fat
axill/o
armpit
bacter/i, bacteri/o
bacteria
erythemat/o
erythema or redness
follicul/o
follicle
ichthy/o
fish
kerat/o
horny tissue
onych/o, ungu/o
nail
seps/o
infection
sept/o
infection or septum
xer/o
dry
-cidal
killing
-derm
skin or a germ layer
-static
keeping stationary
embryology meaning of dermatome
refers to a layer in early human development that gives rise to the dermal layers of the skin
surgery meaning of dermatome
instrument used to cut thin slices of skin for grafting
A&P meaning of dermatome
refers to the skin surface area innervated by a spinal nerve
muscles that cause erection of the hairs of the skin in response to a chilly environment, emotional stimulus, or skin irritation
pilimotor muscles
motor
mover, pertaining to motion
ungual
pertaining to the nail
any visible, localized abnormality of the skin, such as a wound, rash, or sore
lesion
benign skin lesions often seen in older persons
seborrheic keratosis
circumscribed
well defined
-rrhea
flow or discharge
benign warty skin lesion with a rough surface caused by a common contagious virus
verruca
most common viral infection of adult skin
HSV, herpes simplex virus
another type of herpes virus that causes shingles and occurs with reactivation of the herpes virus in individuals who have previously had chickenpox
herpes zoster
sac filled with fluid or semisolid material
cyst
marble-like, solid lesion more than 1 cm wide and deep
nodule
macules
freckles
papules
moles
plaque
dandruff
blisters or fluid-filled lesions include
vesicles, bullae, and pustules (vesicles are smaller than bullae, and pustules are filled with cloudy fluid or pus)
wheals
often seen in an allergic skin eruption, elevated and irregularly shaped lesions
primary lesions
initial reactions to an underlying problem that alters one of the structural components of the skin
secondary lesions of the skin
changes in the appearance of the primary lesion and can occur with normal progression of a disease
characterized by thinning with the loss of skin markings
atrophy of the skin
deep, irregular erosions that extend into the dermis
ulcers
linear cracks in the epidermis
fissure
dried fragments of sloughed epidermis that are whitish and irregular in size and shape
scale
excessive overgrowth of unsightly scar tissue
keloid
torn, jagged wound
laceration
smooth-edged wound produced by a sharp instrument
laceration
free of pathogenic organisms
aseptic
wound made by a piercing
puncture
results when skin is scraped or rubbed away by friction
abrasion
caused by a blow to the body that does not break the skin and is characterized by swelling and discoloration
contusion (bruise)
skin eruption that is also known as hives
urticaria
formula for estimating the percentage of adult body surface covered by burns
rule of nines
skin is implanted to cover areas where skin has been lost
skin graft
formerly called first-degree, second-degree, third-degree, fourth-degree
superficial burn, deep partial-thickness burn, full-thickness burn, deep full-thickness burn
cavity that contains pus caused by an infectious microorganism and surrounded by inflamed tissue
abscess
absence of normal pigmentation, present at birth, caused by a defect in melanin precursors
albinism
acute infection of the skin and subq tissue characterized most often by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
cellulitis
skin rash resulting from exposure to an irritant or to a sensitizing agent that initiates an allergic response (i.e poison ivy, nickel in jewelry)
contact dermatitis
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
cyanosis
inflammatory condition of the skin
dermatitis
chronic disorder, primarily of the skin, characterized by lesions that are covered with scales
discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)
damage to skin, tissues, and blood vessels as a result of prolonged exposure to cold
frostbite
localized skin infection originating in a gland or hair follicle and characterized by pain, redness, and swelling
furuncle aka boil
decreased tissue pigmentation, but not complete absence of skin color as in albinism
hypopigmentation
any of several generalized skin disorders marked by skin that is dry and scaly, resembling fish skin
ichythyosis
benign tumor consisting of mature fat cells
lipoma
infection transmitted by the bite of an infected tick; red macule or papule appears at the bite site and is accompanied by flulike symptoms
Lyme disease
any of a group of malignant tumors that originate in the skin that are composed of melanocytes
malignant melanoma
inflammation of the skin caused by a fungus
mycodermatitis
death of areas of damaged or diseased tissue or bone surrounded by healthy tissue
necrosis
infestation by lice and named for a genus of sucking lice
pediculosis
tiny purple or red spots appearing on the skin as a result of tiny hemorrhages within the dermal submucosal layers
petechiae
common chronic skin disorder characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales
psoriasis
contagious dermatitis caused by the itch mite that is transmitted by close contact
scabies
chronic hardening and thickening of the skin
scleroderma
any of several neoplasms of the skin
skin cancer
skin eruption characterized by wheals of varying shapes and sizes with well-defined margins and pale centers
urticaria
minor irritation of the skin characterized by excessive dryness, which can lead to scaling, thinning, and injury
xerosis
skin disease characterized by blackheads, whiteheads, and pus-filled lesions
acne vulgaris
inflammation of a hair follicle
folliculitis
inflammation of a sweat gland caused by an occlusion of the pores with subsequent bacterial infection of the gland
hidradenitis
fungal condition of the nails
onychomycosis
any disease of the nails
onychopathy
excessive production of sebum
seborrhea
inflammatory condition of the skin that begins with the scalp but may involve other areas
seborrheic dermatitis
any abnormal condition of hair growth, including baldness or excessive hair growth in an unusual place
trichosis
flushing of an open wound using a medicated solution, water, sterile saline, or an antimicrobial liquid preparation
wound irrigation
removal of adipose tissue with a suction pump device and is used primarily as cosmetic surgery to remove or reduce localized areas of fat
liposuction aka suction-assisted lipectomy
drugs placed directly on skin
topical medications
inhibiting the growth of bacteria
bacteriostatic
killing bacteria
bactericidal
absence of germs
asepsis
drug delivery is a method of applying a drug to unbroken skin
transdermal
medicine applied to broken skin to prevent infection
antimicrobial
compounds that act against or inhibit perspiration
antiperspirants
withdrawal of fluid from a cyst with a syringe
aspiration
removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis, abbreviated Bx or bx
biopsy
use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue
cryosurgery
scraping of material from a surface to remove abnormal tissue
curettage
removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue, especially from a wound
debridement
treatment for the removal of superficial scars on the skin by the use of revolving wire brushes or sandpaper
dermabrasion
destruction of a substance by passing electrical current through it
electrolysis
surgery performed with electrical instruments that operate on high-frequency electric current and are often used to destroy skin lesions
electrosurgery
