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LS 2 > Ch 9: Cellular Pathway and Chemical Energy > Flashcards

Ch 9: Cellular Pathway and Chemical Energy Flashcards

1
Q

NADH

A

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

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2
Q

Glucose

A

Initial product in glycolysis

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3
Q

Hexokinase

A

Enzyme that phosphorylates glucose

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4
Q

Glucose 6-phosphate

A

Resulting molecule after hexokinase phosphorylates

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5
Q

Phosphohexose isomerase

A

Enzyme that converts Glucose 6-phosphate to Fructose 6-phosphate

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6
Q

Fructose 6-phosphate

A

Isomere of glucose 6-phosphate

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7
Q

Phosphofructokinase

A

Enzyme that phosphorylates Fructose 6-phosphate

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8
Q

Fructose 1,6-biphosphate

A

Resulting molecule after phosphofructokinase phosphorylates

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9
Q

Aldolase

A

Enzyme that splits a 6-ring carbon into 2, 3-ring carbon atoms

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10
Q

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

A

Resulting 3-ring molecule after aldolase splits the 6-carbon

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11
Q

Isomerase

A

Enzyme that converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate into a more stable molecule, G3P

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12
Q

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

A

The more stable form of dihydroxyacetone phosphate

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13
Q

Triose phosphate dehydrogenase

A

Enzyme that reduces NAD+

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14
Q

1,3-biphosphoglycerate

A

Resulting molecule after G3P

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15
Q

Phosphoglycerate kinase

A

Enzyme that phosphorylates 1,3-biphosphoglycerate

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16
Q

3-phosphoglycerate

A

Resulting molecule after 1,3-biphosphoglycerate phosphorylates

17
Q

Phosphoglycero mutase

A

Enzyme that changes the structure of 3-phosphoglycerate

18
Q

2-phosphoglycerate

A

Isomere of 3-phosphoglycerate

19
Q

Enolase

A

Enzyme that changes the structure of 2-phosphoglycerate

20
Q

Phosphoenolpyruvate

A

Isomere of 2-phosphoenolpyruvate

21
Q

Pyruvate kinase

A

Enzyme that phosphorylates phosphoenolpyruvate

22
Q

Pyruvate

A

End product of glycolysis

23
Q

PCI

A

NADH-Q reductase

24
Q

Coenzyme Q

A

Ubiquinone

25
Q

PCII

A

Succinate Dehydrogenase

26
Q

PCIII

A

Cytochrome C reductase

27
Q

PCIV

A

Cytochrome C oxidase

28
Q

ATP

A

Energy currency in the cell
Produced in exergonic chemical reactions
Used for endergonic chemical reactions
Phosphate group x3 + ribose + adenine

29
Q

Aerobic

A

Oxygen dependent

30
Q

Anaerobic

A

Oxygen independent

31
Q

1 NADH

A

Produces 2.5 ATP*

*In glycolysis, produces only 1.5

32
Q

1 FADH2

A

Produces 1.5 ATP

33
Q

Glycolysis Output

A

2 ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvate

34
Q

Pyruvate Oxidation Output

A

2 NADH

35
Q

Citric Acid Cycle Output

A

6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 GTP -> 2 ATP

36
Q

Fermentation

A

The process of rescuing cells be deoxidizing NADH back to NAD+
No energy is produced, but glycolysis continues to occur
Anaerobic

LS 2 (14 decks)

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