Ch. 7 Age and Sex-Related Differences and Their Implications for Resistance Exercise

Question 1

resistance exercise

Answer 1

a specialized method of conditioning that involves the progressive use of resistance to increase one’s ability to exert or resist force

Question 2

preadolescence

Answer 2

refers to a period of life before the development of secondary sex characteristics

Question 3

adolescence

Answer 3

refers to the period between childhood and adulthood

Question 4

Puberty

Answer 4

refers to a period of time in which secondary sex characteristics develop and a child is transformed into a young adult

Question 5

chronological age

Answer 5

age measured in months or years

Question 6

biological age

Answer 6

measured in terms of skeletal age, physique maturity, or sexual maturation

Question 7

menarche

Answer 7

the onset of menstruation

Question 8

training age

Answer 8

the length of time the child has been resistance training

Question 9

peak height velocity

Answer 9

pubertal growth spurt

Question 10

diaphysis

Answer 10

the central shaft of a long bone where bone formation occurs

Question 11

growth cartilage

Answer 11

which is located at three sites in the child: the epiphyseal (growth) plate, the joint surface, and the apophyseal insertions of muscle-tendon units

Question 12

osteoporosis

Answer 12

a clinical condition characterized by low bone mass and an increased susceptibility to fractures

Question 13

Osteopenia

Answer 13

defined by a bone mineral density between -1 and -2.5 standard deviations of the young adult mean

Question 14

sarcopenia

Answer 14

a loss of muscle mass, often caused by advance in age