Ch. 3 Endocrine Responses to Resistance Exercises

Question 1

hormones

Answer 1

chemical messengers that are synthesized, stored, and released into the blood by endocrine glands and certain other celss

Question 2

endocrine glands

Answer 2

body structures specialized for secretion

Question 3

neuroendocrinology

Answer 3

refers to the study of the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 4

anabolic hormones

Answer 4

hormones that promote tissue building

Question 5

catabolic hormones

Answer 5

attempt to degrade cell proteins to support glucose synthesis

Question 6

lock-and-key theory

Answer 6

where the hormone receptor is the lock and the hormone the key

Question 7

cross-reactivity

Answer 7

where a given receptor partially interacts with hormones that are not specifically designed for it

Question 8

allosteric binding sites

Answer 8

where substances other than hormones can enhance or reduce the cellular response to the primary hormone

Question 9

downregulation

Answer 9

the inability of a hormone to interact with a receptor

Question 10

hormone-receptor complex (H-RC)

Answer 10

formed when the hormone binds with its receptor inside the cell causing a conformation shift in the receptor and activating it

Question 11

polypeptide hormone

Answer 11

made up of amino acids, like growth hormone and insulin

Question 12

secondary messengers (STAT)

Answer 12

bring messages from polypeptide hormones across the cell membrane

Question 13

diurnal variations

Answer 13

normal fluctuations in hormone levels throughout the day

Question 14

what kind of exercises result in acute increased serum total testosterone in men?

Answer 14

Large muscle group excercises

Question 15

What secrets growth hormone?

Answer 15

pituitary gland

Question 16

Growth hormone

Answer 16

with resistance training it enhances amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, resulting in hypertrophy of both Type I and II muscle fibers

Question 17

cortisol

Answer 17

the primary signal hormone for carbohydrate metabolism and is related to the glycogen stores in the muscle

Question 18

Catecholamines

Answer 18

secreted by the adrenal medulla and are important for the acute expression of strength and power because the hormones act as central motor stimulators and peripheral vascular dilators and enhance enzyme systems in muscle