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history of psych > ch. 7-8 > Flashcards

ch. 7-8 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was included in freuds theory of sexuality?

A

infantile sexuality and psychosexual development

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2
Q

How many stages were apart of freuds stages of psychosexual development?

A

there were 5

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3
Q

Freuds oral stage (0-1 years)

A

Pleasure from nursing

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4
Q

Freuds Anal Stage (1-3 years)

A

pleasure from bowel and bladder elimination

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5
Q

Freuds Phallic Stage (3-6 years)

A

pleasure from touching genitals

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6
Q

Freuds importance ?

A

describing the development of both normal and abnormal personality

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7
Q

How did freud come up with all the stages?

A

The idea of development progressing through the stages provided inspiration for the following stages

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8
Q

When did the American psychoanalytic Association Form?

A

In 1911 along with training for psychiatrists established at this time

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9
Q

When did the psychoanalytic review become founded?

A

1911

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10
Q

What happened when psychoanalysis began in America?

A

freud gave his five lectures in german at clark university in massachusetts in 1909

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11
Q

Alfred Adler (1870-1937)

A

Austrian Psychologist also the first to break from freud

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12
Q

Why did Adler break from Freud?

A

adler felt that the libido was a “life force” and non-sexual, dismissed freuds theory of oedipus complex

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13
Q

What was Adlers theory?

A

Individual psych

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14
Q

Individual Psych

A

the drive to overcome feelings of inferiority by compensation and the need to achieve personal goals that have value for society.

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15
Q

Striving for superiority

A

adlers term for peoples natural desire to improve themsevles

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16
Q

Inferiority complex

A

adlers term that some people assume a lifestyle dominated by a sense of helplessness and unworthiness

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17
Q

Superiority Complex

A

adlers term that explains a lifestyle dominated by a sense of being better than other people

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18
Q

C.G Jung

A

Swiss psychologist, considered by Freud as “The Crown Prince”

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19
Q

What happened in 1912-1913 to Carl Jung?

A

he broke with freud because Jung’s creation of 2 parts of the unconsciousness

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20
Q

Jung’s theory Analytical Psychology

A

“empirical science” of the psyche

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21
Q

Jung’s mind/psyche has 3 parts

A

conscious, the personal unconscious & the collective unconscious

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22
Q

conscious

A

contains the ego which he called “the gate keeper to consciousness”

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23
Q

The personal unconscious

A

contains all threatening and non-threatening, non-conscious thoughts that are not currently a part of conscious awareness

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24
Q

The collective unconscious

A

a deeper level of the unconscious, contains archetypes

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25
Q

archetypes

A

universal emotional symbols stored in collective unconscious

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26
Q

Karen Horney (1885-1952)

A

German american psychologist who was a pioneer in feminine psychology

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27
Q

What did Karen Horney say about Freud?

A

attacked freudian views on notion of women and female “penis envy”

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28
Q

Tyranny of should

A

Horneys term for the tension between the real and ideal self

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29
Q

ideal self

A

not moving to self realization

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30
Q

real self

A

moving toward self realization

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31
Q

Anna Freud (1895-1982)

A

Austrian British Psychoanalyst, worked with children in psychoanalysis

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32
Q

What did Anna Freud write?

A

Wrote the ego and the mechanisms of defense which clarified freuds work

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33
Q

What did Anna Freud do with Dorothy Burlington?

A

Helped with the Hampshire nurseries during WWII

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34
Q

Dorothy Burlingham

A

was one of the first psychoanalysts to directly observe children

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35
Q

what did french psychologists first do?

A

approached questions of the mind by studying patients with mental disorders via case studies (natural experiments)

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36
Q

What did french psychologists never do?

A

They never divided into ‘schools’

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37
Q

Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893)

A

French neurologist, who first described the symptoms and possible causes of hysteria

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38
Q

Where did Jean-Martin Charcot work?

A

Salpetriere- a famous mental hospital in Paris, France

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39
Q

What did Jean Charcot believe about psychological disorders?

A

They were due to disruptions in functioning of the nervous system, including hysteria

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40
Q

What were the two topics Jean Charcot studied?

A

studied both hysteria & epilepsy,

41
Q

What did Jean Charcot suggest about hysteria?

A

suggested that trauma may be a trigger for hysteria and hinted that frustrated sexuality may lie at the root of the disorder

42
Q

Who did Jean Charcot train?

A

Trained next generation neurologists

43
Q

Alfred Binet (1857-1922)

A

French Psychologist who collaborated with Simon to produce the first reliable intelligence test

44
Q

How many stages are in Binet’s distinct career changes?

A

3

45
Q

1st stage (Binet)

A

focused on psychopathology, Binet believed the only way to understand the mind was to study mentally health patients

46
Q

2nd stage

A

experimental psychology, investigated in which stage magicians created illusions-perceptual system

47
Q

What did Binet Conclude from 2nd stage?

A

concluded that it wasn’t the eyes that were being deceived but the mind as deception was visible if you knew where to look

48
Q

3rd stage (Binet)

A

Studied childhood development

49
Q

What was developed in stage 3? (Binet)

A

individual psychology: children’s thinking was different than adults within each age grounds

50
Q

Theodore Simon (1872-1961)

A

French Psychologist who collaborated with Binet

51
Q

Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale

A

consists of thirty tasks administered to children between two to twelve

52
Q

What did B+S determine?

A

determined which tasks were usually solved by normal children of a given age

53
Q

Mental age

A

is the level at which the individual is operating

54
Q

Where did mental age adapt from?

A

adapted from stanford-binet (terman) and basis for Army Alpha (yerkes)

55
Q

Jean Piaget (1896-1980)

A

Swiss Psychologist who developed the cognitive theory of development

56
Q

Who developed the stage model of cognitive development?

A

piagets theory that focuses on how children think and how their thinking changes as they grow

57
Q

Clinical Method (Piaget)

A

asking probing questions and recording responded with out judgement

58
Q

Who did Piaget work with?

A

worked in Binets laboratory school collecting data

59
Q

What did Piaget ask children about?

A

when children gave incorrect answers to obvious answers began asking them why

60
Q

Conservation tasks

A

concrete operational stage included three steps

61
Q

N/A

A

N/A

62
Q

Neurosis

A

a relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress

63
Q

Neurasthenia

A

an ill-defined medical condition characterized by lassitude, fatigue, headache, and irritability, associated chiefly with emotional disturbance

64
Q

Hysteria

A

a type of mental disorder in which a wide variety of sensory, motor, or psychic disturbances may occur

65
Q

Psychosis

A

a condition that affects the way your brain processes information. It causes you to lose touch with reality

66
Q

Psychoanalysis Depth Psychology

A

Freuds theory of the origins of psychological disorders and his method of curing them

67
Q

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

A

Austrian considered father of psychoanalysis

68
Q

What did most of Sigmund Freuds patients have?

A

Hysteria

69
Q

What was sigmund freuds MD in?

A

neurology

70
Q

Who was known as the expert of hysteria?

A

charcot

71
Q

Breuer

A

pioneered use of cathartic method to treat hysteria

72
Q

Who worked together with Anna O.?

A

Josef Breuer, worked on hysteria and the talking cure

73
Q

What hysteria caused by?

A

repression

74
Q

What was the treatment for hysteria disorder?

A

bring repressed memory back to consciousness

75
Q

What is psychoanalysis?

A

it is designed to bring unconscious conflicts into consciousness

76
Q

free association

A

reporting what ever comes to mind without monitoring its contents

77
Q

dream analysis

A

interpreting underlying meaning of dreams to reveal unconscious processes; “Royal road to the unconscious” in the interpretation of dreams (1900)

78
Q

Manifest Content

A

the content of a dream that a person remembers

79
Q

Latent Content

A

the unconscious meaning of a dream

80
Q

When did Freud develop his theory of the structure of personality?

A

in the ego and in the Id

81
Q

Id

A

the most primitive part of the mind, operating wholly at an unconscious level, present at birth

82
Q

Libido

A

the psychic energy that energizes the Id

83
Q

Fixation

A

excessive investment of libido in particular stage that results in various types of personalities

84
Q

ego

A

mostly conscious/pre conscious,

it’s rational, logical, reason; develops 2-3 years old

85
Q

Where does the Id operate?

A

it operates on the pleasure principle

86
Q

Where does the ego operate?

A

operated on the reality principle

87
Q

What exactly does the ego do?

A

acts to control Id and help satisfy its demands and looks at current situation and controls the moral code of super ego

88
Q

Super ego

A

conscious, preconscious, unconscious; moral compass/conscience; develops
5-7 years acts in direct opposition to the Id

89
Q

Where does the super ego operate?

A

operates on the morality principle

90
Q

What happened during WWII with Lewin?

A

the U.S experienced a shortage of meat and lewin was asked to find ways to encourage americans to eat less meat

91
Q

Who were found to be the gatekeepers in the food decision process?

A

Women

92
Q

Effects of leadership styles

A

children were told to construct a mask, 2 groups of children engaged in a project, one democratic leader/one authoritarian leader

93
Q

3 step model of change (Lewin)

A

his process for reshaping the culture of a group by changing the attitudes and behavior of its members

94
Q

what’s the 3 step model of change?

A
  1. unfreeze the culture
  2. move the culture
  3. refreeze the culture
95
Q

field theory

A

an individuals behavior is determined by personal situational force

96
Q

Tamara Dembo (1902-1993)

A

Russian american pioneer in the field of rehabilitation psychology

97
Q

What did dembo and lewin do together?

A

worked w/ lewin on a series of studies on how children deal with frustration

98
Q

What longitudinal study did dembo do?

A

a study on war veterans who’d lost limbs which she published as adjustment to misfortune in 1956

history of psych (12 decks)

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