Ch. 10 physiology & comparitive psychology

Question 1

physiological psychology

Answer 1

the study of how behavior is generated and guided by the nervous system

Question 2

comparative psychology

Answer 2

the study of the origin, control and consequences of behavior across a wide range of species

Question 3

walter cannon (1871-1945)

Answer 3

american physiological psychologist best known for his concepts of fight or flight and homeostasis

Question 4

Fight of flight

Answer 4

body arousal to a dangerous situation

Question 5

homeostasis

Answer 5

the processes by which the body maintains stable internal conditions, involves the autonomic nervous system

Question 6

What did Cannon develop regarding fight or flight?

Answer 6

sympathetic nervous system (regulator for flight or fight responses)
hormone adrenaline (arousing the body for action)

Question 7

Cannon bard theory of emotions

Answer 7

proposed that stimulation of the thalamus, leads to both physiological arousal and the psychological experience of emotion

Question 8

Who disagreed with james/lange theory of emotions?

Answer 8

Cannon said claimed that bodily arousal happened too slowly for it to be cause of emotional experiences

Question 9

James/lange focus was on?

Answer 9

psychological experience of emotion, where as Cannon bard focused at only physiological responses to emotional situations

Question 10

John Garcia (1917-2012)

Answer 10

first hispanic american psychologist and discoverer of conditioned taste aversion

Question 11

Classical Conditioning

Answer 11

NS needs to be immediately, followed by UCS, CC takes multiple conditioning trials

Question 12

Conditioned taste aversion

Answer 12

learned avoidance of a food associated with illness

Question 13

Garcia classical conditioning

Answer 13

the food (NS) may be consumed half an hour or more before stomach distress (UCS) occurs which then produces vomiting (UCR)

Question 14

How many trials are needed to develop CTA?

Answer 14

only 1 conditioning trial

Question 15

Karl Lashley (1890-1958)

Answer 15

american physiological psychologist who studied how memories are formed in the brain

Question 16

Brain mechanisms and intelligence (1929) Lashley

Answer 16

contained studies concerned the location of memories in the brain

Question 17

engram

Answer 17

hypothetical location in the brain where a memory is stored

Question 18

What did Lashley find was distributed across the cerebral cortex

Answer 18

provided evidence that memories, especially for comped tasks were distributed across cerebral cortex

Question 19

mass action

Answer 19

observation that an impairment in functioning depended on the amount of brain tissue destroyed

Question 20

Brenda Milner (1928-)

Answer 20

british-canadian psychologist who studied memory in patients with brain damage

Question 21

Study on H.M

Answer 21

patient from connecticut suffering unexpected memory loss after surgery by having areas in hippocampus removed

Question 22

What is hippocampus involved encoding with which memories?

Answer 22

Explicit memories

Question 23

Who was considered a pioneer of cognitive neuroscience

Answer 23

Brenda Milner

Question 24

Roger Sperry (1913-1994)

Answer 24

american psychologist who won the 1981 nobel prize for his research on split-brain patients

Question 25

What did Sperry wondered about connections within the brain?

Answer 25

whether the connections within the brain might also be hard wired

Question 26

What happened when the corpus callosum was severed

Answer 26

found a behavior that the animal learned to perform with only one side of its body, didn’t transfer to the other side

Question 27

Harry Harlow (1905-1981)

Answer 27

american comparative psychologist best known for his studies on the effects of social isolation in monkeys

Question 28

ethonology

Answer 28

the study of animal behavior in natural settings

Question 29

Harlow study on monkeys

Answer 29

the baby monkey provided with two mothers one a metal frame with milk and the other a warm cloth frame with no milk, babies spent more time with cloth mother

Question 30

Koran Lorenz (1903-1989)

Answer 30

an austrian ethologist best known for his studies of imprinting in birds

Question 31

Imprinting in geese (lorenz)

Answer 31

a behavioral phenomenon in which a newly hatched chick identifies the first moving object as its mother, baby geese would imprint on multiple other objects